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Model fine-tuning and adaptation have become a common approach for model specialization for downstream tasks or domains. Fine-tuning the entire model or a subset of the parameters using light-weight adaptation has shown considerable success…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-25 Fadi Biadsy , Youzheng Chen , Xia Zhang , Oleg Rybakov , Andrew Rosenberg , Pedro J. Moreno

The current standard approach for fine-tuning transformer-based language models includes a fixed number of training epochs and a linear learning rate schedule. In order to obtain a near-optimal model for the given downstream task, a search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Felix Stollenwerk

Recent studies have demonstrated that many layers are functionally redundant in large language models (LLMs), enabling model compression by removing these layers to reduce inference cost. While such approaches can improve efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kainan Liu , Yong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Zhitao Li , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

The pruning objective has recently extended beyond accuracy and sparsity to robustness in language models. Despite this, existing methods struggle to enhance robustness against adversarial attacks when continually increasing model sparsity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Jianwei Li , Qi Lei , Wei Cheng , Dongkuan Xu

The usage of transformers has grown from learning about language semantics to forming meaningful visiolinguistic representations. These architectures are often over-parametrized, requiring large amounts of computation. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Prajjwal Bhargava

With the rapid growth in the scale of pre-trained foundation models, parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques have gained significant attention, among which Adapter Tuning is the most widely used. Despite achieving efficiency, it still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Qizhe Zhang , Bocheng Zou , Ruichuan An , Jiaming Liu , Shanghang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly prevalent across diverse applications. However, their enormous size limits storage and processing capabilities to a few well-resourced stakeholders. As a result, most applications rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Mohammadsajad Alipour , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Adapting a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model to a target speaker typically involves fine-tuning most if not all of the parameters of a pretrained multi-speaker backbone model. However, serving hundreds of fine-tuned neural TTS models is…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Nobuyuki Morioka , Heiga Zen , Nanxin Chen , Yu Zhang , Yifan Ding

Large foundation language models have shown their versatility in being able to be adapted to perform a wide variety of downstream tasks, such as text generation, sentiment analysis, semantic search etc. However, training such large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Venkat Srinivasan , Darshan Gandhi , Urmish Thakker , Raghu Prabhakar

Adapting large pre-trained models (PTMs) through fine-tuning imposes prohibitive computational and storage burdens. Recent studies of parameter-efficient tuning (PET) find that only optimizing a small portion of parameters conditioned on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Shengding Hu , Zhen Zhang , Ning Ding , Yadao Wang , Yasheng Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jorg Bornschein , Clare Lyle , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki , Xu Owen He , Razvan Pascanu

Extending the input modality of Large Language Models~(LLMs) to the audio domain is essential for achieving comprehensive multimodal perception. However, it is well-known that acoustic information is intrinsically \textit{heterogeneous},…

This study aims to explore efficient tuning methods for the screenshot captioning task. Recently, image captioning has seen significant advancements, but research in captioning tasks for mobile screens remains relatively scarce. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Ching-Yu Chiang , I-Hua Chang , Shih-Wei Liao

The pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm has contributed to a number of breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Instead of directly training on a downstream task, language models are first pre-trained on large datasets with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Vithursan Thangarasa , Abhay Gupta , William Marshall , Tianda Li , Kevin Leong , Dennis DeCoste , Sean Lie , Shreyas Saxena

Cascading multiple pre-trained models is an effective way to compose an end-to-end system. However, fine-tuning the full cascaded model is parameter and memory inefficient and our observations reveal that only applying adapter modules on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Zihao Cui , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Vision-language retrieval is an important multi-modal learning topic, where the goal is to retrieve the most relevant visual candidate for a given text query. Recently, pre-trained models, e.g., CLIP, show great potential on retrieval…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haojun Jiang , Jianke Zhang , Rui Huang , Chunjiang Ge , Zanlin Ni , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

We introduce Adapters, an open-source library that unifies parameter-efficient and modular transfer learning in large language models. By integrating 10 diverse adapter methods into a unified interface, Adapters offers ease of use and…

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a key strategy for adapting large language models, with recent advances in sparse tuning reducing overhead by selectively updating key parameters or subsets of data. Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kai Yao , Zhenghan Song , Kaixin Wu , Mingjie Zhong , Danzhao Cheng , Zhaorui Tan , Yixin Ji , Penglei Gao

In addressing the computational and memory demands of fine-tuning Large Language Models(LLMs), we propose LoRA-SP(Streamlined Partial Parameter Adaptation), a novel approach utilizing randomized half-selective parameter freezing within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yichao Wu , Yafei Xiang , Shuning Huo , Yulu Gong , Penghao Liang

Language models are increasingly used in settings where outputs must satisfy user-specified randomness constraints, yet their generation probabilities are often poorly calibrated to those targets. We study whether this capability can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Davide Baldelli , Sruthi Kuriakose , Maryam Hashemzadeh , Amal Zouaq , Sarath Chandar