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The open radio access network (O-RAN) offers new degrees of freedom for building and operating advanced cellular networks. Emphasizing on RAN disaggregation, open interfaces, multi-vendor support, and RAN intelligent controllers (RICs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Aly S. Abdalla , Joshua Moore , Nisha Adhikari , Vuk Marojevic

Cellular networks have become foundational to modern communication, supporting a broad range of applications, from civilian use to enterprise systems and military tactical networks. The advent of fifth-generation and beyond cellular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Charalampos Katsis , Imtiaz Karim , Elisa Bertino

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN), a novel architecture that separates the traditional radio access network (RAN) into multiple disaggregated components, leads a revolution in the telecommunication ecosystems. Compared to the traditional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yi-Zih Chen , Terrance Yu-Hao Chen , Po-Jung Su , Chi-Ting Liu

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) is a major advancement in the telecommunications field, providing standardized interfaces that promote interoperability between different vendors' technologies, thereby enhancing network flexibility and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lujia Liang , Lei Zhang

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) is a networking paradigm that builds on top of cloud-based, multi-vendor, open and intelligent architectures to shape the next generation of cellular networks for 5G and beyond. While this new paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Joshua Groen , Salvatore DOro , Utku Demir , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia , Kaushik Chowdhury

Open RAN (ORAN, O-RAN) represents a novel industry-level standard for RAN (Radio Access Network), which defines interfaces that support inter-operation between vendors' equipment and offer network flexibility at a lower cost. Open RAN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Madhusanka Liyanage , An Braeken , Shahriar Shahabuddin , Pasika Ranaweera

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) is a promising RAN architecture, aimed at reshaping the RAN industry toward an open, adaptive, and intelligent RAN. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive security analysis of Open Radio Access…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Dudu Mimran , Ron Bitton , Yehonatan Kfir , Eitan Klevansky , Oleg Brodt , Heiko Lehmann , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) are emerging as a disruptive technology, revolutionising traditional mobile network architecture and deployments in the current 5G and the upcoming 6G era. Disaggregation of network architecture, inherent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Thusitha Dayaratne , Viet Vo , Shangqi Lai , Sharif Abuadbba , Blake Haydon , Hajime Suzuki , Xingliang Yuan , Carsten Rudolph

Open Radio Access Networks (ORAN) is a new architectural approach, having been proposed only a few years ago, and it is an expansion of the current Next Generation Radio Access Networks (NG-RAN) of 5G. ORAN aims to break this closed RAN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sotiris Michaelides , David Rupprecht , Katharina Kohls

The advancement of 5G and NextG networks through Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture enables a shift toward virtualized, modular, and disaggregated configurations. A core component of O-RAN is the RAN Intelligent Controller…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Diana Lin , Samarth Bhargav , Azuka Chiejina , Mohamed I. Ibrahem , Vijay K. Shah

The evolution of wireless communication systems will be fundamentally impacted by an open radio access network (O-RAN), a new concept defining an intelligent architecture with enhanced flexibility, openness, and the ability to slice…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Mojdeh Karbalaee Motalleb , Chafika Benzaid , Tarik Taleb , Marcos Katz , Vahid Shah-Mansouri , JaeSeung Song

The Open RAN architecture is a promising and future-oriented architecture. It is intended to open up the radio access network (RAN) and enable more innovation and competition in the market. This will lead to RANs for current 5G networks,…

As wireless communication systems become more advanced, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) stand out as a notable framework that promotes interoperability and cost-effectiveness. An examination of the progression of RAN architectures, as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Mira Chandra Kirana , Patatchona Keyela , Fatemeh Rostamian , Deemah H. Tashman , Soumaya Cherkaoui

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) and its embodiment through the O-RAN Alliance specifications are poised to revolutionize the telecom ecosystem. O-RAN promotes virtualized RANs where disaggregated components are connected via open…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Michele Polese , Leonardo Bonati , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

The Open-Radio Access Network (O-RAN) integrates numerous software components in a cloud-like deployment, opening the radio access network to previously unconsidered security threats. With the ever-evolving threat landscape, integrating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Felix Klement , Alessandro Brighente , Michele Polese , Mauro Conti , Stefan Katzenbeisser

The open radio access network (O-RAN) describes an industry-driven open architecture and interfaces for building next generation RANs with artificial intelligence (AI) controllers. We circulated a survey among researchers, developers, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Aly S. Abdalla , Pratheek S. Upadhyaya , Vijay K. Shah , Vuk Marojevic

The Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) aims to enable disaggregated, virtualized, programmable, and data-driven intelligent network with open interfaces to support various real-time and non-real-time applications for different classes of…

In this paper, we investigate the security implications of virtualized and software-based Open Radio Access Network (RAN) systems, specifically focusing on the architecture proposed by the O-RAN ALLIANCE and O-Cloud deployments based on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Felix Klement , Alessandro Brighente , Michele Polese , Mauro Conti , Stefan Katzenbeisser

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is revolutionizing cellular networks with its open, multi-vendor design and AI-driven management, aiming to enhance flexibility and reduce costs. Although it has many advantages, O-RAN is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Eran Aizikovich , Dudu Mimran , Edita Grolman , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Securing the near-real-time (near-RT) control operations in Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN) is increasingly critical, yet remains insufficiently addressed, as new runtime threats target the control loop while the system is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hamed Alimohammadi , Samara Mayhoub , Sotiris Chatzimiltis , Mohammad Shojafar , Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta
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