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Conformal Prediction provides distribution-free prediction intervals with guaranteed coverage, but its reliance on a single global calibration threshold obscures the sources of uncertainty at the instance level. In particular, it conflates…

We study the problem of conditional predictive inference on multiple outcomes missing at random (MAR) -- or equivalently, under covariate shift. While the weighted conformal prediction offers a tool for inference under covariate shift with…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-01 Yonghoon Lee , Edgar Dobriban , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Deep neural networks (DNN) has received increasing attention in machine learning applications in the last several years. Recently, a non-asymptotic error bound has been developed to measure the performance of the fully connected DNN…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-15 Kejin Wu , Dimitris N. Politis

Neural networks solving real-world problems are often required not only to make accurate predictions but also to provide a confidence level in the forecast. The calibration of a model indicates how close the estimated confidence is to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Ruslan Vasilev , Alexander D'yakonov

Confidence calibration -- the problem of predicting probability estimates representative of the true correctness likelihood -- is important for classification models in many applications. We discover that modern neural networks, unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Chuan Guo , Geoff Pleiss , Yu Sun , Kilian Q. Weinberger

This paper proposes a multi-step probabilistic forecasting framework using a single neural-network based model to generate simultaneous point and interval forecasts. Our approach ensures non-crossing prediction intervals (PIs) through a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Worachit Amnuaypongsa , Yotsapat Suparanonrat , Pana Wanitchollakit , Jitkomut Songsiri

We study the problem of post-selection predictive inference in an online fashion. To avoid devoting resources to unimportant units, a preliminary selection of the current individual before reporting its prediction interval is common and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-02 Yajie Bao , Yuyang Huo , Haojie Ren , Changliang Zou

Confidence intervals (CIs) are instrumental in statistical analysis, providing a range estimate of the parameters. In modern statistics, selective inference is common, where only certain parameters are highlighted. However, this selective…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Tzviel Frostig , Yoav Benjamini , Ruth Heller

This paper considers the problem of kernel regression and classification with possibly unobservable response variables in the data, where the mechanism that causes the absence of information is unknown and can depend on both predictors and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Majid Mojirsheibani , William Pouliot , Andre Shakhbandaryan

Confidence estimation infers a probability for whether each model output is correct or not. While predicting such binary correctness is sensible for tasks with exact answers, free-form generation tasks are often more nuanced, with output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Chi-Yang Hsu , Alexander Braylan , Yiheng Su , Matthew Lease , Omar Alonso

With the increasing adoption of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models as integral parts of software systems, efficient operational testing of DNNs is much in demand to ensure these models' actual performance in field conditions. A challenge is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Zenan Li , Xiaoxing Ma , Chang Xu , Chun Cao , Jingwei Xu , Jian Lü

Neural Networks (NNs) have been extensively used for a wide spectrum of real-world regression tasks, where the goal is to predict a numerical outcome such as revenue, effectiveness, or a quantitative result. In many such tasks, the point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Xin Qiu , Elliot Meyerson , Risto Miikkulainen

Often machine learning and statistical models will attempt to describe the majority of the data. However, there may be situations where only a fraction of the data can be fit well by a linear regression model. Here, we are interested in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Brendan Juba , Leda Liang

A typical desideratum for quantifying the uncertainty from a classification model as a prediction set is class-conditional singleton set calibration. That is, such sets should map to the output of well-calibrated selective classifiers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Allen Schmaltz , Danielle Rasooly

Ensuring the reliability and validity of data-driven quadrotor model predictions is essential for their accepted and practical use. This is especially true for grey- and black-box models wherein the mapping of inputs to predictions is not…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Jasper van Beers , Coen de Visser

Conformal Predictors (CP) are wrappers around ML models, providing error guarantees under weak assumptions on the data distribution. They are suitable for a wide range of problems, from classification and regression to anomaly detection.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Giovanni Cherubin , Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis , Martin Jaggi

In the field of machine learning, regression problems are pivotal due to their ability to predict continuous outcomes. Traditional error metrics like mean squared error, mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination measure model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yu-Hsueh Fang , Chia-Yen Lee

With model trustworthiness being crucial for sensitive real-world applications, practitioners are putting more and more focus on improving the uncertainty calibration of deep neural networks. Calibration errors are designed to quantify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Sebastian G. Gruber , Florian Buettner

A rich set of frequentist model averaging methods has been developed, but their applications have largely been limited to point prediction, as measuring prediction uncertainty in general settings remains an open problem. In this paper we…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-21 Zhongjun Qu , Wendun Wang , Xiaomeng Zhang

Regression problems with bounded continuous outcomes frequently arise in real-world statistical and machine learning applications, such as the analysis of rates and proportions. A central challenge in this setting is predicting a response…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-21 Zhanli Wu , Fabrizio Leisen , F. Javier Rubio