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Accurate and scalable cancer diagnosis remains a critical challenge in modern pathology, particularly for malignancies such as breast, prostate, bone, and cervical, which exhibit complex histological variability. In this study, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Faisal Ahmed

Background: Histopathology is an important modality for the diagnosis and management of many diseases in modern healthcare, and plays a critical role in cancer care. Pathology samples can be large and require multi-site sampling, leading to…

This work addresses how to efficiently classify challenging histopathology images, such as gigapixel whole-slide images for cancer diagnostics with image-level annotation. We use images with annotated tumor regions to identify a set of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-24 Mohammad Iqbal Nouyed , Mary-Anne Hartley , Gianfranco Doretto , Donald A. Adjeroh

Intelligent analysis of medical imaging plays a crucial role in assisting clinical diagnosis, especially for identifying subtle pathological features. This paper introduces a novel multi-branch ConvNeXt architecture designed specifically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Irash Perera , Uthayasanker Thayasivam

Histopathological prognostication of neoplasia including most tumor grading systems are based upon a number of criteria. Probably the most important is the number of mitotic figures which are most commonly determined as the mitotic count…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Marc Aubreville , Christof A. Bertram , Robert Klopfleisch , Andreas Maier

Precise breast cancer classification on histopathological images has the potential to greatly improve the diagnosis and patient outcome in oncology. The data imbalance problem largely stems from the inherent imbalance within medical image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Majid Behzadpour , Bengie L. Ortiz , Ebrahim Azizi , Kai Wu

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with over two million new cases each year. During diagnostic tumour grading, pathologists manually count the number of dividing cells (mitotic figures) in biopsy or tumour…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Jack Breen , Kieran Zucker , Nicolas M. Orsi , Nishant Ravikumar

Accurate and reliable histopathological image classification is essential for breast cancer diagnosis. However, many deep learning models remain sensitive to magnification variability and lack interpretability. To address these challenges,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Enam Ahmed Taufika , Md Ahasanul Arafatha , Abhijit Kumar Ghoshb , Md. Tanzim Rezab , Md Ashad Alamc

The reliable identification of mitotic figures in whole-slide histopathological images remains difficult, owing to their low prevalence, substantial morphological heterogeneity, and the inconsistencies introduced by tissue processing and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Navya Sri Kelam , Akash Parekh , Saikiran Bonthu , Nitin Singhal

Biomedical datasets are often constrained by stringent privacy requirements and frequently suffer from severe class imbalance. These two aspects hinder the development of accurate machine learning models. While generative AI offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jan Carreras Boada , Rao Muhammad Umer , Carsten Marr

Using histopathological images to automatically classify cancer is a difficult task for accurately detecting cancer, especially to identify metastatic cancer in small image patches obtained from larger digital pathology scans. Computer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-16 Guanwen Qiu , Xiaobing Yu , Baolin Sun , Yunpeng Wang , Lipei Zhang

Mitotic counting is a vital prognostic marker of tumor proliferation in breast cancer. Deep learning-based mitotic detection is on par with pathologists, but it requires large labeled data for training. We propose a deep classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Pushpak Pati , Antonio Foncubierta-Rodriguez , Orcun Goksel , Maria Gabrani

We present a novel approach which extends the existing Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detector (FCOS) for mitotic figure detection. Our composite model adds a Feedback Attention Ladder CNN (FAL-CNN) model for classification of normal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Andrew Broad , Jason Keighley , Lucy Godson , Alex Wright

Each woman living in the United States has about 1 in 8 chance of developing invasive breast cancer. The mitotic cell count is one of the most common tests to assess the aggressiveness or grade of breast cancer. In this prognosis,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Robin Elizabeth Yancey

Melanoma is considered to be the most aggressive form of skin cancer. Due to the similar shape of malignant and benign cancerous lesions, doctors spend considerably more time when diagnosing these findings. At present, the evaluation of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Daniel Kvak

Empirical evaluation of breast tissue biopsies for mitotic nuclei detection is considered an important prognostic biomarker in tumor grading and cancer progression. However, automated mitotic nuclei detection poses several challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Anabia Sohail , Muhammad Ahsan Mukhtar , Asifullah Khan , Muhammad Mohsin Zafar , Aneela Zameer , Saranjam Khan

Deep models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformer (ViT), demonstrate remarkable performance in image classification. However, those deep models require large data to fine-tune, which is impractical in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yihang Wu , Muhammad Owais , Reem Kateb , Ahmad Chaddad

Mitotic figure detection in histology images is a hard-to-define, yet clinically significant task, where labels are generated with pathologist interpretations and where there is no ``gold-standard'' independent ground-truth. However, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Cagla Deniz Bahadir , Benjamin Liechty , David J. Pisapia , Mert R. Sabuncu

Manual count of mitotic figures, which is determined in the tumor region with the highest mitotic activity, is a key parameter of most tumor grading schemes. It can be, however, strongly dependent on the area selection due to uneven mitotic…

Most tumor grading systems for human as for veterinary histopathology are based upon the absolute count of mitotic figures in a certain reference area of a histology slide. Since time for prognostication is limited in a diagnostic setting,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Marc Aubreville , Christof A. Bertram , Robert Klopfleisch , Andreas Maier