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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across various tasks, yet their high computational demands pose deployment challenges, especially on consumer-grade hardware. Mixture of Experts (MoE) models provide an efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-19 En-Ming Huang , Li-Shang Lin , Chun-Yi Lee

We study the challenging problem for inference tasks on large-scale graph datasets of Graph Neural Networks: huge time and memory consumption, and try to overcome it by reducing reliance on graph structure. Even though distilling graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Junxian Li , Bin Shi , Erfei Cui , Hua Wei , Qinghua Zheng

In mobile edge computing (MEC) systems, edge service caching refers to pre-storing the necessary programs for executing computation tasks at MEC servers. At resource-constrained edge servers, service caching placement is in general a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Suzhi Bi , Liang Huang , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

The past few years has witnessed specialized large language model (LLM) inference systems, such as vLLM, SGLang, Mooncake, and DeepFlow, alongside rapid LLM adoption via services like ChatGPT. Driving these system design efforts is the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-30 James Pan , Guoliang Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) typically employ an end-to-end (E2E) training paradigm which presents several challenges, including high GPU memory consumption, inefficiency, and difficulties in model parallelization during training. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Yuming Zhang , Shouxin Zhang , Peizhe Wang , Feiyu Zhu , Dongzhi Guan , Junhao Su , Jiabin Liu , Changpeng Cai

The growth rate of the GPU memory capacity has not been able to keep up with that of the size of large language models (LLMs), hindering the model training process. In particular, activations -- the intermediate tensors produced during…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Kun Wu , Jeongmin Brian Park , Xiaofan Zhang , Mert Hidayetoğlu , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Sitao Huang , Steven Sam Lumetta , Wen-mei Hwu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with continual learning, often suffering from catastrophic forgetting when adapting to sequential tasks. We introduce a routing-based architecture that integrates new capabilities while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jay Mohta , Kenan Emir Ak , Gwang Lee , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Yan Xu , Mingwei Shen

The rapid growth in the size of large language models has necessitated the partitioning of computational workloads across accelerators such as GPUs, TPUs, and NPUs. However, these parallelization strategies incur substantial data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Rezaul Karim , Austin Wen , Wang Zongzuo , Weiwei Zhang , Yang Liu , Walid Ahmed

The widespread of Large Language Models (LLMs) marks a significant milestone in generative AI. Nevertheless, the increasing context length and batch size in offline LLM inference escalate the memory requirement of the key-value (KV) cache,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xiurui Pan , Endian Li , Qiao Li , Shengwen Liang , Yizhou Shan , Ke Zhou , Yingwei Luo , Xiaolin Wang , Jie Zhang

Modern heterogeneous supercomputing systems are comprised of CPUs, GPUs, and high-speed network interconnects. Communication libraries supporting efficient data transfers involving memory buffers from the GPU memory typically require the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Naveen Namashivayam , Krishna Kandalla , James B White , Larry Kaplan , Mark Pagel

Computational offloading is a promising approach for overcoming resource constraints on client devices by moving some or all of an application's computations to remote servers. With the advent of specialized hardware accelerators, client…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nathan Ng , David Irwin , Ananthram Swami , Don Towsley , Prashant Shenoy

Modern LLM serving systems confront inefficient GPU utilization due to the fundamental mismatch between compute-intensive prefill and memory-bound decode phases. While current practices attempt to address this by organizing these phases…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zejia Lin , Hongxin Xu , Guanyi Chen , Zhiguang Chen , Yutong Lu , Xianwei Zhang

The definition of a Neural Network architecture is one of the most critical and challenging tasks to perform. In this paper, we propose ParallelMLPs. ParallelMLPs is a procedure to enable the training of several independent Multilayer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Felipe Costa Farias , Teresa Bernarda Ludermir , Carmelo Jose Albanez Bastos-Filho

Large Language Model (LLM) adapters enable low-cost model specialization, but introduce complex caching and scheduling challenges in distributed serving systems where hundreds of adapters must be hosted concurrently. While prior work has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ferran Agullo , Joan Oliveras , Chen Wang , Alberto Gutierrez-Torre , Olivier Tardieu , Alaa Youssef , Jordi Torres , Josep Ll. Berral

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities across diverse distributions and tasks, largely due to extensive pre-training datasets. Fine-tuning MLLM has become a common practice to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Zekun Shi , Didi Zhu , Guancheng Wan , He Li , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao , Mang Ye

Training large language models is a computationally intensive process that often requires substantial resources to achieve state-of-the-art results. Incremental layer-wise training has been proposed as a potential strategy to optimize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung , Shih-Chia Huang

Large model training often uses recomputation to alleviate memory pressure and pipelines to exploit the parallelism of data, tensors, and devices. However, existing recomputation approaches may incur high overhead when training real-world…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Ping Chen , Wenjie Zhang , Shuibing He , Weijian Chen , Siling Yang , Kexin Huang , Yanlong Yin , Xuan Zhan , Yingjie Gu , Zhuwei Peng , Yi Zheng , Zhefeng Wang , Gang Chen

Characterizing and predicting the training performance of modern machine learning (ML) workloads on compute systems with compute and communication spread between CPUs, GPUs, and network devices is not only the key to optimization and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Zhongyi Lin , Ning Sun , Pallab Bhattacharya , Xizhou Feng , Louis Feng , John D. Owens

Meeting stringent Time-To-First-Token (TTFT) requirements is crucial for LLM applications. To improve efficiency, modern LLM serving systems adopt disaggregated architectures with diverse parallelisms, introducing complex multi-stage…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yijun Sun , Xudong Liao , Songrun Xie , Hao Chen , Han Tian , Wenxue Li , Yiming Zhang , Kai Chen

Scale of data and scale of computation infrastructures together enable the current deep learning renaissance. However, training large-scale deep architectures demands both algorithmic improvement and careful system configuration. In this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Shang-Xuan Zou , Chun-Yen Chen , Jui-Lin Wu , Chun-Nan Chou , Chia-Chin Tsao , Kuan-Chieh Tung , Ting-Wei Lin , Cheng-Lung Sung , Edward Y. Chang