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Decision Transformer (DT) formulates offline reinforcement learning as autoregressive sequence modeling, achieving promising results by predicting actions from a sequence of Return-to-Go (RTG), state, and action tokens. However, RTG is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yongyi Wang , Hanyu Liu , Lingfeng Li , Bozhou Chen , Ang Li , Qirui Zheng , Xionghui Yang , Chucai Wang , Wenxin Li

Traditional approaches in offline reinforcement learning aim to learn the optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative reward, also known as return. It is increasingly important to adjust the performance of AI agents to meet human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tsunehiko Tanaka , Kenshi Abe , Kaito Ariu , Tetsuro Morimura , Edgar Simo-Serra

Long-sequence decision-making, which is usually addressed through reinforcement learning (RL), is a critical component for optimizing strategic operations in dynamic environments, such as real-time bidding in computational advertising. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xiaowei Lv , Zhilin Zhang , Yijun Li , Yusen Huo , Siyuan Ju , Xuyan Li , Chunxiang Hong , Tianyu Wang , Yongcai Wang , Peng Sun , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Interacting with the actual environment to acquire data is often costly and time-consuming in robotic tasks. Model-based offline reinforcement learning (RL) provides a feasible solution. On the one hand, it eliminates the requirements of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Pengqin Wang , Meixin Zhu , Shaojie Shen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a challenging task, whose objective is to learn policies from static trajectory data without interacting with the environment. Recently, offline RL has been viewed as a sequence modeling problem, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Recent advancements in offline reinforcement learning (RL) have underscored the capabilities of Return-Conditioned Supervised Learning (RCSL), a paradigm that learns the action distribution based on target returns for each state in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Yuanfu Wang , Chao Yang , Ying Wen , Yu Liu , Yu Qiao

In the realm of online advertising, advertisers partake in ad auctions to obtain advertising slots, frequently taking advantage of auto-bidding tools provided by demand-side platforms. To improve the automation of these bidding systems, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hao Jiang , Yongxiang Tang , Yanxiang Zeng , Pengjia Yuan , Yanhua Cheng , Teng Sha , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

Continuous offline reinforcement learning (CORL) combines continuous and offline reinforcement learning, enabling agents to learn multiple tasks from static datasets without forgetting prior tasks. However, CORL faces challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Kaixin Huang , Li Shen , Chen Zhao , Chun Yuan , Dacheng Tao

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) trains a constraint satisfaction policy by interacting with the environment. We aim to tackle a more challenging problem: learning a safe policy from an offline dataset. We study the offline safe RL problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Zuxin Liu , Zijian Guo , Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Wenhao Yu , Tingnan Zhang , Ding Zhao

Deep neural network (DNN) based approaches hold significant potential for reinforcement learning (RL) and have already shown remarkable gains over state-of-art methods in a number of applications. The effectiveness of DNN methods can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-01 Henghui Zhu , Feng Nan , Ioannis Paschalidis , Venkatesh Saligrama

Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be incredibly effective for offline reinforcement learning (RL) by representing the traditional RL problem as a sequence modelling problem (Chen et al., 2021; Janner et al., 2021).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

Recent research in offline reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated that return-conditioned supervised learning is a powerful paradigm for decision-making problems. While promising, return conditioning is limited to training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zhihui Xie , Zichuan Lin , Deheng Ye , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang , Shuai Li

We introduce a framework that abstracts Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a sequence modeling problem. This allows us to draw upon the simplicity and scalability of the Transformer architecture, and associated advances in language modeling…

Recent advancements in offline reinforcement learning (RL) have underscored the capabilities of Conditional Sequence Modeling (CSM), a paradigm that learns the action distribution based on history trajectory and target returns for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Shengchao Hu , Ziqing Fan , Chaoqin Huang , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Dacheng Tao

Decision-focused learning (DFL) has emerged as a powerful end-to-end alternative to conventional predict-then-optimize (PTO) pipelines by directly optimizing predictive models through downstream decision losses. Existing DFL frameworks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xinyu Wang , Jinxiao Du , Yiyang Peng , Wei Ma

A longstanding goal of artificial general intelligence is highly capable generalists that can learn from diverse experiences and generalize to unseen tasks. The language and vision communities have seen remarkable progress toward this trend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zhi Wang , Li Zhang , Wenhao Wu , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Chunlin Chen

The ability to adapt to changes in environmental contingencies is an important challenge in reinforcement learning. Indeed, transferring previously acquired knowledge to environments with unseen structural properties can greatly enhance the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ayman Boustati , Hana Chockler , Daniel C. McNamee

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) poses a significant and challenging problem critical for applications in robotics and logistics, particularly due to its combinatorial complexity and the partial observability inherent in realistic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Merve Atasever , Matthew Hong , Mihir Nitin Kulkarni , Qingpei Li , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

This paper addresses the challenges of low scheduling efficiency, unbalanced resource allocation, and poor adaptability in ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) processes under heterogeneous data environments by proposing an intelligent scheduling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Kangning Gao , Yi Hu , Cong Nie , Wei Li

Decision Transformers (DT) have demonstrated strong performances in offline reinforcement learning settings, but quickly adapting to unseen novel tasks remains challenging. To address this challenge, we propose a new framework, called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Mengdi Xu , Yuchen Lu , Yikang Shen , Shun Zhang , Ding Zhao , Chuang Gan