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Traditional resampling methods for handling class imbalance typically uses fixed distributions, undersampling the majority or oversampling the minority. These static strategies ignore changes in class-wise learning difficulty, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Arjun Basandrai , Shourya Jain , K. Ilanthenral

Classification is a fundamental task in machine learning. While conventional methods-such as binary, multiclass, and multi-label classification-are effective for simpler problems, they may not adequately address the complexities of some…

Ensemble technique and under-sampling technique are both effective tools used for imbalanced dataset classification problems. In this paper, a novel ensemble method combining the advantages of both ensemble learning for biasing classifiers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jinyan Li , Yaoyang Wu , Simon Fong , Antonio J. Tallón-Ballesteros , Xin-she Yang , Sabah Mohammed , Feng Wu

The Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique (SMOTE) is widely-used for the analysis of imbalanced datasets. It is known that SMOTE frequently over-generalizes the minority class, leading to misclassifications for the majority class, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Saptarshi Bej , Narek Davtyan , Markus Wolfien , Mariam Nassar , Olaf Wolkenhauer

This paper presents MixText, a semi-supervised learning method for text classification, which uses our newly designed data augmentation method called TMix. TMix creates a large amount of augmented training samples by interpolating text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jiaao Chen , Zichao Yang , Diyi Yang

Supervised learning from training data with imbalanced class sizes, a commonly encountered scenario in real applications such as anomaly/fraud detection, has long been considered a significant challenge in machine learning. Motivated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Yunru Liu , Tingran Gao , Haizhao Yang

Multi-label text classification (MLTC) is the task of assigning multiple labels to a given text, and has a wide range of application domains. Most existing approaches require an enormous amount of annotated data to learn a classifier and/or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Muberra Ozmen , Joseph Cotnareanu , Mark Coates

Model bias triggered by long-tailed data has been widely studied. However, measure based on the number of samples cannot explicate three phenomena simultaneously: (1) Given enough data, the classification performance gain is marginal with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Yuxin Li , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu

Class imbalance remains a critical challenge in semi-supervised learning (SSL), especially when distributional mismatches between labeled and unlabeled data lead to biased classification. Although existing methods address this issue by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Senmao Tian , Xiang Wei , Shunli Zhang

With rapid technological growth, automatic pronunciation assessment has transitioned toward systems that evaluate pronunciation in various aspects, such as fluency and stress. However, despite the highly imbalanced score labels within each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Heejin Do , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

A great variety of text tasks such as topic or spam identification, user profiling, and sentiment analysis can be posed as a supervised learning problem and tackle using a text classifier. A text classifier consists of several subprocesses,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Eric S. Tellez , Daniela Moctezuma , Sabino Miranda-Jímenez , Mario Graff

Class-imbalanced data, in which some classes contain far more samples than others, is ubiquitous in real-world applications. Standard techniques for handling class-imbalance usually work by training on a re-weighted loss or on re-balanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Arpit Bansal , Micah Goldblum , Valeriia Cherepanova , Avi Schwarzschild , C. Bayan Bruss , Tom Goldstein

Many machine learning classification tasks involve imbalanced datasets, which are often subject to over-sampling techniques aimed at improving model performance. However, these techniques are prone to generating unrealistic or infeasible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Matheus Camilo da Silva , Gabriel Gustavo Costanzo , Andrea de Lorenzo , Sylvio Barbon Junior

The goal in label-imbalanced and group-sensitive classification is to optimize relevant metrics such as balanced error and equal opportunity. Classical methods, such as weighted cross-entropy, fail when training deep nets to the terminal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Ganesh Ramachandra Kini , Orestis Paraskevas , Samet Oymak , Christos Thrampoulidis

Many natural language processing (NLP) tasks are naturally imbalanced, as some target categories occur much more frequently than others in the real world. In such scenarios, current NLP models still tend to perform poorly on less frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Sophie Henning , William Beluch , Alexander Fraser , Annemarie Friedrich

Imbalanced data represent a distribution with more frequencies of one class (majority) than the other (minority). This phenomenon occurs across various domains, such as security, medical care and human activity. In imbalanced learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hadi Mohammadi , Ehsan Nazerfard , Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has achieved great success in overcoming the difficulties of labeling and making full use of unlabeled data. However, SSL has a limited assumption that the numbers of samples in different classes are balanced,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Minsung Hyun , Jisoo Jeong , Nojun Kwak

Text segmentation, the task of dividing a document into contiguous segments based on its semantic structure, is a longstanding challenge in language understanding. Previous work on text segmentation focused on unsupervised methods such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Omri Koshorek , Adir Cohen , Noam Mor , Michael Rotman , Jonathan Berant

Despite over two decades of progress, imbalanced data is still considered a significant challenge for contemporary machine learning models. Modern advances in deep learning have magnified the importance of the imbalanced data problem. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Damien Dablain , Bartosz Krawczyk , Nitesh V. Chawla

Class imbalance is a long-standing problem relevant to a number of real-world applications of deep learning. Oversampling techniques, which are effective for handling class imbalance in classical learning systems, can not be directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Sankha Subhra Mullick , Shounak Datta , Swagatam Das