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We introduce the class of interval $H$-graphs, which is the generalization of interval graphs, particularly interval bigraphs. For a fixed graph $H$ with vertices $a_1,a_2,\dots,a_k$, we say that an input graph $G$ with given partition…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haiko Müller , Arash Rafiey

In this paper we present a new iterative projection method for finding the closest point in the intersection of convex sets to any arbitrary point in a Hilbert space. This method, termed AAMR for averaged alternating modified reflections,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Francisco J. Aragón Artacho , Rubén Campoy

Existing multiplex graph models often assume homophily, where connected nodes tend to belong to the same class or share similar attributes. Consequently, these models may struggle with graphs exhibiting heterophily, where connected nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kamel Abdous , Nairouz Mrabah , Mohamed Bouguessa

We propose and investigate two new methods to approximate $f({\bf A}){\bf b}$ for large, sparse, Hermitian matrices ${\bf A}$. The main idea behind both methods is to first estimate the spectral density of ${\bf A}$, and then find…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Li Fan , David I Shuman , Shashanka Ubaru , Yousef Saad

The spread of a graph $G$ is the difference $\lambda_1 - \lambda_n$ between the largest and smallest eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. Breen, Riasanovsky, Tait and Urschel recently determined the graph on $n$ vertices with maximum spread…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-10 George Brooks , William Linz , Linyuan Lu

The generalized distance matrix of a graph is the matrix whose entries depend only on the pairwise distances between vertices, and the generalized distance spectrum is the set of eigenvalues of this matrix. This framework generalizes many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Lee DeVille

Adjacency between two vertices in graphs or hypergraphs is a pairwise relationship. It is redefined in this article as 2-adjacency. In general hypergraphs, hyperedges hold for $n$-adic relationship. To keep the $n$-adic relationship the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Xavier Ouvrard , Jean-Marie Le Goff , Stéphane Marchand-Maillet

We provide a detailed description of the maps associated with spectral interlacing, for rank one perturbations and bordering of symmetric and Hermitian matrices. The arguments rely on standard techniques of nonlinear analysis.

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-21 Ricardo S. Leite , Carlos Tomei

We establish an Expander Mixing Lemma for directed graphs in terms of the eigenvalues of an associated asymmetric transition probability matrix, extending the classical spectral inequality to the asymmetric setting. As an application, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Rebecca Carter

For a graph $G$, the generalized adjacency matrix $A_\alpha(G)$ is the convex combination of the diagonal matrix $D(G)$ and the adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and is defined as $A_\alpha(G)=\alpha D(G)+(1-\alpha) A(G)$ for $0\leq \alpha \leq 1$.…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Nijara Konch , A. Bharali , S. Pirzada

Recently, we have introduced and modified two graph-decomposition theorems based on a new graph product, motivated by applications in the context of synchronising periodic real-time processes. This vertex-removing synchronised product…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Antoon H. Boode

We introduce a new matrix product, that we call the wreath product of matrices. The name is inspired by the analogous product for graphs, and the following important correspondence is proven: the wreath product of the adjacency matrices of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-11-03 Daniele D'Angeli , Alfredo Donno

This work considers the distributed computation of the one-to-one vertex correspondences between two undirected and connected graphs, which is called \textit{graph matching}, over multi-agent networks. Given two \textit{isomorphic} and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-21 Quoc Van Tran , Zhiyong Sun , Brian D. O. Anderson , Hyo-Sung Ahn

The $p$-spectral radius of a graph $G=(V,E)$ with adjacency matrix $A$ is defined as $\lambda^{(p)}(G)=\max \{x^TAx : \|x\|_p=1 \}$. This parameter shows remarkable connections with graph invariants, and has been used to generalize some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-09 Elizandro Max Borba , Sebastian Richter , Eliseu Fritscher , Carlos Hoppen

Let $G$ be a simple graph with associated diagonal matrix of vertex degrees $D(G)$, adjacency matrix $A(G)$, Laplacian matrix $L(G)$ and signless Laplacian matrix $Q(G)$. Recently, Nikiforov proposed the family of matrices $A_\alpha(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Aniruddha Samanta , Deepshikha , Kinkar Chandra Das

A metrized graph is a compact singular 1-manifold endowed with a metric. A given metrized graph can be modelled by a family of weighted combinatorial graphs. If one chooses a sequence of models from this family such that the vertices become…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 X. W. C. Faber

Graph matching---aligning a pair of graphs to minimize their edge disagreements---has received wide-spread attention from both theoretical and applied communities over the past several decades, including combinatorics, computer vision, and…

Elek and Lippner (2010) showed that the convergence of a sequence of bounded-degree graphs implies the existence of a limit for the proportion of vertices covered by a maximum matching. We provide a characterization of the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge , Justin Salez

In this paper, we study the joint behaviour of the degree, depth and label of and graph distance between high-degree vertices in the random recursive tree. We generalise the results obtained by Eslava and extend these to include the labels…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Bas Lodewijks

We consider unsupervised estimation of mixtures of discrete graphical models, where the class variable corresponding to the mixture components is hidden and each mixture component over the observed variables can have a potentially different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-03 A. Anandkumar , D. Hsu , F. Huang , S. M. Kakade