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A mixed graph is called \emph{second kind hermitian integral}(or \emph{HS-integral}) if the eigenvalues of its Hermitian-adjacency matrix of second kind are integers. A mixed graph is called \emph{Eisenstein integral} if the eigenvalues of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-23 Monu Kadyan , Bikash Bhattacharjya

We give an upper bound on the maximal eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a connected graph in terms of its maximum degree, diameter and order. This bound is best possible up to a constant factor and improves prevoius results of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

Graph clustering is a fundamental technique in data analysis with applications in many different fields. While there is a large body of work on clustering undirected graphs, the problem of clustering directed graphs is much less understood.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-31 James Martin , Tim Rogers , Luca Zanetti

Three new combinations of convex bodies are introduced and studied: the $L_p$ fiber, $L_p$ chord and graph combinations. These combinations are defined in terms of the fibers and graphs of pairs of convex bodies, and each operation…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Steven Hoehner , Sudan Xing

A mixed graph is obtained by orienting some edges of a simple graph. The positive inertia index of a mixed graph is defined as the number of positive eigenvalues of its Hermitian adjacency matrix, including multiplicities. This matrix was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Xiaocong He , Lihua Feng

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a connected $k$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices and $m$ hyperedges. In [A.~Banerjee, On the spectrum of hypergraph, Linear Algebra and its Application, 614(2021), 82--110], Anirban Banerjee introduced a new adjacency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-20 R. B. Bapat , S. S. Saha , S. K. Panda

Given a simple graph $G$, its $A_\alpha$ matrix is a convex combination with parameter $\alpha\in [0,1]$ of its adjacency matrix and its degree diagonal matrices. Here we compare two lower bounds presented in [J. D. G. Silva Jr., C. S.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Giovanni Barbarino

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$ with $n\geq25$. A $\{P_3,P_4,P_5\}$-factor is a spanning subgraph $H$ of $G$ such that every component of $H$ is isomorphic to an element of $\{P_3,P_4,P_5\}$. Nikiforov introduced the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Yuli Zhang , Sizhong Zhou

The anti-adjacency matrix of a graph is constructed from the distance matrix of a graph by keeping each row and each column only the largest distances. This matrix can be interpreted as the opposite of the adjacency matrix, which is instead…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Jianfeng Wang , Xingyu Lei , Mei Lu , Sezer Sorgun , Hakan Kucuk

The joint degree matrix of a graph gives the number of edges between vertices of degree i and degree j for every pair (i,j). One can perform restricted swap operations to transform a graph into another with the same joint degree matrix. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-14 Éva Czabarka , Aaron Dutle , Péter Erdös , István Miklós

A mixed graph is a graph with undirected and directed edges. Guo and Mohar in 2017 determined all mixed graphs whose Hermitian spectral radii are less than $2$. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition which can make Hermitian spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Bo-Jun Yuan , Yi Wang , Shi-Cai Gong , Yun Qiao

Discrete homotopy theory or A-homotopy theory is a combinatorial homotopy theory defined on graphs, simplicial complexes, and metric spaces, reflecting information about their connectivity. The present paper aims to further understand the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-19 So Yamagata

Let G be a graph of order $n$ with adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and diagonal matrix of degree $D(G)$. For every $\alpha \in [0,1]$, Nikiforov \cite{VN17} defined the matrix $A_\alpha(G) = \alpha D(G) + (1-\alpha)A(G)$. In this paper we present…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-08-24 João Domingos G. da Silva , Carla Silva Oliveira , Liliana Manuela G. C. da Costa

We introduce the general Albertson irregularity index of a connected graph $G$ and define it as $A_{p}(G) =(\sum_{uv\in E(G)}|d(u)-d(v)|^p)^{\frac{1}{p}}$, where $p$ is a positive real number and $d(v)$ is the degree of the vertex $v$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 Zhen Lin , Ting Zhou , Lianying Miao

The properties of a hypergraph explored through the spectrum of its unified matrix was made by the authors in [26]. In this paper, we introduce three different hypergraph matrices: unified Laplacian matrix, unified signless Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 R. Vishnupriya , R. Rajkumar

Assortativity was first introduced by Newman and has been extensively studied and applied to many real world networked systems since then. Assortativity is a graph metrics and describes the tendency of high degree nodes to be directly…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-06-15 Alberto Arcagni , Rosanna Grassi , Silvana Stefani , Anna Torriero

A unified framework for the Expander Mixing Lemma for irregular graphs using adjacency eigenvalues is presented, as well as two new versions of it. While the existing Expander Mixing Lemmas for irregular graphs make use of the notion of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-17 Aida Abiad , Sjanne Zeijlemaker

A hermitian matrix can be parametrized by a set consisting of its determinant and the eigenvalues of its submatrices. We established a group of equations which connect these variables with the mixing parameters of diagonalization. These…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-03 S. H. Chiu , T. K. Kuo

For $0\le \alpha\le 1$, Nikiforov proposed to study the spectral properties of the family of matrices $A_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha D(G)+(1-\alpha)A(G)$ of a graph $G$, where $D(G)$ is the degree diagonal matrix and $A(G)$ is the adjacency matrix.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-10 Haiyan Guo , Bo Zhou

In this paper we define a new class of partially filled arrays, called $\lambda$-fold relative Heffter arrays, that are a generalisation of the Heffter arrays introduced by Archdeacon in 2015. After showing the connection of this new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-09 Simone Costa , Anita Pasotti