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Multi-task learning (MTL) is a paradigm that simultaneously learns multiple tasks by sharing information at different levels, enhancing the performance of each individual task. While previous research has primarily focused on feature-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiangming Xi , Feng Gao , Jun Xu , Fangtai Guo , Tianlei Jin

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve the generalization of several related tasks by learning them jointly. As a comparison, in addition to the joint training scheme, modern meta-learning allows unseen tasks with limited labels during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Haoxiang Wang , Han Zhao , Bo Li

Model merging constructs versatile models by integrating task-specific models without requiring labeled data or expensive joint retraining. Although recent methods improve adaptability to heterogeneous tasks by generating customized merged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Haiyun Qiu , Xingyu Wu , Liang Feng , Kay Chen Tan

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a growing subject of interest in deep learning, due to its ability to train models more efficiently on multiple tasks compared to using a group of conventional single-task models. However, MTL can be impractical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Anish Lakkapragada , Essam Sleiman , Saimourya Surabhi , Dennis P. Wall

Deep clustering is an emerging topic in deep learning where traditional clustering is performed in deep learning feature space. However, clustering and deep learning are often mutually exclusive. In the autoencoder based deep clustering,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Kart-Leong Lim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been adopted and deployed worldwide for a broad variety of applications. However, ensuring their safe use remains a significant challenge. Preference training and safety measures often overfit to harms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Aakanksha , Arash Ahmadian , Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Beyza Ermis , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

Traditionally, multitask learning (MTL) assumes that all the tasks are related. This can lead to negative transfer when tasks are indeed incoherent. Recently, a number of approaches have been proposed that alleviate this problem by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Wenliang Zhong , James Kwok

Meta-learning has been proposed as a framework to address the challenging few-shot learning setting. The key idea is to leverage a large number of similar few-shot tasks in order to learn how to adapt a base-learner to a new task for which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Qianru Sun , Yaoyao Liu , Zhaozheng Chen , Tat-Seng Chua , Bernt Schiele

Multi-label learning studies the problem where an instance is associated with a set of labels. By treating single-label learning problem as one task, the multi-label learning problem can be casted as solving multiple related tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Lu Bai , Yew-Soon Ong , Tiantian He , Abhishek Gupta

We aim to address Multi-Task Learning (MTL) with a large number of tasks by Multi-Task Grouping (MTG). Given N tasks, we propose to simultaneously identify the best task groups from 2^N candidates and train the model weights simultaneously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Yuan Gao , Shuguo Jiang , Moran Li , Jin-Gang Yu , Gui-Song Xia

Multi-task learning (MTL) enables simultaneous training across related tasks, leveraging shared information to improve generalization, efficiency, and robustness, especially in data-scarce or high-dimensional scenarios. While deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Fatemeh Bazikar , Hossein Moosaei , Atefeh Hemmati , Panos M. Pardalos

In recent years, model-free methods that use deep learning have achieved great success in many different reinforcement learning environments. Most successful approaches focus on solving a single task, while multi-task reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Asier Mujika

Merging Large Language Models (LLMs) is a cost-effective technique for combining multiple expert LLMs into a single versatile model, retaining the expertise of the original ones. However, current approaches often overlook the importance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Umberto Michieli , Fabio Pizzati , Philip Torr , Adel Bibi , Bernard Ghanem , Mete Ozay

Model merging aims to combine multiple expert models into a more capable single model, offering benefits such as reduced storage and serving costs, improved generalization, and support for decentralized model development. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Prateek Yadav , Tu Vu , Jonathan Lai , Alexandra Chronopoulou , Manaal Faruqui , Mohit Bansal , Tsendsuren Munkhdalai

Multi-task learning (MTL) benefits the fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) by providing a single model with improved performance and generalization ability across tasks, presenting a resource-efficient alternative to developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zi Gong , Hang Yu , Cong Liao , Bingchang Liu , Chaoyu Chen , Jianguo Li

Model Merging (MM) has emerged as a scalable paradigm for multi-task learning (MTL), enabling multiple task-specific models to be integrated without revisiting the original training data. Despite recent progress, the reliability of MM under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yuhan Xie , Chen Lyu

Meta-learning enables algorithms to quickly learn a newly encountered task with just a few labeled examples by transferring previously learned knowledge. However, the bottleneck of current meta-learning algorithms is the requirement of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Huaxiu Yao , Linjun Zhang , Chelsea Finn

In recent years, Multi-Task Learning (MTL) has attracted much attention due to its good performance in many applications. However, many existing MTL models cannot guarantee that their performance is no worse than their single-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Zhixiong Yue , Feiyang Ye , Yu Zhang , Christy Liang , Ivor W. Tsang

In multi-task learning, difficulty levels of different tasks are varying. There are many works to handle this situation and we classify them into five categories, including the direct sum approach, the weighted sum approach, the maximum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Sicong Liang , Yu Zhang

Multi-task learning solves multiple correlated tasks. However, conflicts may exist between them. In such circumstances, a single solution can rarely optimize all the tasks, leading to performance trade-offs. To arrive at a set of optimized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lu Bai , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong