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One of the common obstacles for learning causal models from data is that high-order conditional independence (CI) relationships between random variables are difficult to estimate. Since CI tests with conditioning sets of low order can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

We propose a novel score-based causal discovery method, named ABIC LiNGAM, which extends the linear non-Gaussian acyclic model (LiNGAM) framework to address the challenges of causal structure estimation in scenarios involving unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-23 Yoshimitsu Morinishi , Shohei Shimizu

We develop estimation for potentially high-dimensional additive structural equation models. A key component of our approach is to decouple order search among the variables from feature or edge selection in a directed acyclic graph encoding…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-02 Peter Bühlmann , Jonas Peters , Jan Ernest

We study the identification of causal effects in the presence of different types of constraints (e.g., logical constraints) in addition to the causal graph. These constraints impose restrictions on the models (parameterizations) induced by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yizuo Chen , Adnan Darwiche

Recent advances have established the identifiability of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) under additive noise models (ANMs), spurring the development of various causal discovery methods. However, most existing methods make restrictive model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Stella Huang , Qing Zhou

We focus on the extension of bivariate causal learning methods into multivariate problem settings in a systematic manner via a novel framework. It is purposive to augment the scale to which bivariate causal discovery approaches can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-29 Hongyi Chen , Maurits Kaptein

This paper studies causal discovery for a directed acyclic graph under a structural equation model with additive heteroscedastic errors. We first establish new identifiability results for location-scale noise models, showing that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Xintao Xia , Li Chen , Yue Hu , Chunlin Li

We consider the problem of learning causal directed acyclic graphs from an observational joint distribution. One can use these graphs to predict the outcome of interventional experiments, from which data are often not available. We show…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-18 Jonas Peters , Joris Mooij , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schölkopf

We study the problem of learning the causal relationships between a set of observed variables in the presence of latents, while minimizing the cost of interventions on the observed variables. We assume access to an undirected graph $G$ on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Raghavendra Addanki , Andrew McGregor , Cameron Musco

Most neural models of causality assume static causal graphs, failing to capture the dynamic and sparse nature of physical interactions where causal relationships emerge and dissolve over time. We introduce the Causal Process Framework and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Turan Orujlu , Christian Gumbsch , Martin V. Butz , Charley M Wu

This article presents a novel method for causal discovery with generalized structural equation models suited for analyzing diverse types of outcomes, including discrete, continuous, and mixed data. Causal discovery often faces challenges…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-26 Minjie Wang , Xiaotong Shen , Wei Pan

For causal discovery in the presence of latent confounders, constraints beyond conditional independences exist that can enable causal discovery algorithms to distinguish more pairs of graphs. Such constraints are not well-understood yet. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Thijs van Ommen

A well-studied challenge that arises in the structure learning problem of causal directed acyclic graphs (DAG) is that using observational data, one can only learn the graph up to a "Markov equivalence class" (MEC). The remaining undirected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Vibhor Porwal , Piyush Srivastava , Gaurav Sinha

Causal structure learning with data from multiple contexts carries both opportunities and challenges. Opportunities arise from considering shared and context-specific causal graphs enabling to generalize and transfer causal knowledge across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Martin Rabel , Wiebke Günther , Jakob Runge , Andreas Gerhardus

Causal discovery aims to recover graphs that represent causal relations among given variables from observations, and new methods are constantly being proposed. Increasingly, the community raises questions about how much progress is made,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhufeng Li , Niki Kilbertus

Causal structure learning from observational data remains a non-trivial task due to various factors such as finite sampling, unobserved confounding factors, and measurement errors. Constraint-based and score-based methods tend to suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Rezaur Rashid , Jawad Chowdhury , Gabriel Terejanu

Causal discovery, the task of inferring causal structure from data, has the potential to uncover mechanistic insights from biological experiments, especially those involving perturbations. However, causal discovery algorithms over larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Menghua Wu , Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Inferring the causal structure underlying stochastic dynamical systems from observational data holds great promise in domains ranging from science and health to finance. Such processes can often be accurately modeled via stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Georg Manten , Cecilia Casolo , Emilio Ferrucci , Søren Wengel Mogensen , Cristopher Salvi , Niki Kilbertus

Structural causal models (SCMs), with an underlying directed acyclic graph (DAG), provide a powerful analytical framework to describe the interaction mechanisms in large-scale complex systems. However, when the system exhibits extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Junshu Jiang , Jordan Richards , Raphaël Huser , David Bolin

Causal identification is at the core of the causal inference literature, where complete algorithms have been proposed to identify causal queries of interest. The validity of these algorithms hinges on the restrictive assumption of having…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Sina Akbari , Fateme Jamshidi , Ehsan Mokhtarian , Matthew J. Vowels , Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash