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The polynomial hierarchy has been widely studied in classical complexity theory. In this paper, we will generalize some commonly known results about the polynomial hierarchy to a version of the hierarchy extended to promise problems. This…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Chirag Falor , Shu Ge , Anand Natarajan

A transformation is obtained which completes the unification of quadrirational Yang-Baxter maps and known integrable multi-quadratic quad equations. By combining theory from these two classes of quad-graph models we find an extension of the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-12-24 James Atkinson

Hilbert famously showed that polynomials in n variables are not too complicated, in various senses. For example, the Hilbert Syzygy Theorem shows that the process of resolving a module by free modules terminates in finitely many (in fact,…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-05-14 Daniel Erman , Steven V Sam , Andrew Snowden

Matrix Schubert varieties are the closures of the orbits of $B\times B$ acting on all $n\times n$ matrices, where $B$ is the group of invertible lower triangular matrices. Extending work of Fulton, Knutson and Miller identified a Gr\"obner…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-06-17 Eric Marberg , Brendan Pawlowski

We consider the quadratic divergence of the Yang-Mills theory when we use the hybrid regularization method consisting of the higher covariant derivative terms and the Pauli-Villars fields. By the explicit calculation of the diagrams, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-12-21 Koh-ichi Nittoh

Baxter permutations originally arose in studying common fixed points of two commuting continuous functions. In 2015, Dilks proposed a conjectured bijection between Baxter permutations and non-intersecting triples of lattice paths in terms…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-23 Zhicong Lin , Jing Liu

We give four positive formulae for the (equioriented type A) quiver polynomials of Buch and Fulton. All four formulae are combinatorial, in the sense that they are expressed in terms of combinatorial objects of certain types: Zelevinsky…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Allen Knutson , Ezra Miller , Mark Shimozono

We construct an integrable colored six-vertex model whose partition function is a double Grothendieck polynomial. This gives an integrable systems interpretation of bumpless pipe dreams and recent results of Weigandt [arXiv:2003.07342]…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Valentin Buciumas , Travis Scrimshaw

We build free, bigraded bidifferential algebra models for the forms on a complex manifold, with respect to a strong notion of quasi-isomorphism and compatible with the conjugation symmetry. This answers a question of Sullivan. The resulting…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Jonas Stelzig

Homological Projective duality (HP-duality) theory, introduced by Kuznetsov [42], is one of the most powerful frameworks in the homological study of algebraic geometry. The main result (HP-duality theorem) of the theory gives complete…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-04-05 Qingyuan Jiang , Naichung Conan Leung , Ying Xie

We present a broad conceptual introduction to some new ideas in non-perturbative QFT. The large-$N$ orbifold-orientifold equivalence connects a natural large-$N$ limit of QCD to QCD with adjoint fermions. QCD(adj) with periodic boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Gerald V. Dunne , Mithat Unsal

In a recent paper, Ayyer and Behrend present for a wide class of partitions factorizations of Schur polynomials with an even number of variables where half of the variables are the reciprocals of the others into symplectic and/or orthogonal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Arvind Ayyer , Ilse Fischer

The Hilbert scheme $X^{[3]}$ of length-$3$ subschemes of a smooth projective variety $X$ is known to be smooth and projective. We investigate whether the property of having a multiplicative Chow-Kuenneth decomposition is stable under taking…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-06 Mingmin Shen , Charles Vial

We study a surprising relationship between two properties for bijective functions $F : \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}$ for a set $\mathcal{X}$ which are introduced from very different backgrounds. One of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-04-15 Makiko Sasada , Ryosuke Uozumi

In this thesis, we take a journey through two different but not dissimilar stories with an underlying theme of combinatorics emerging from scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories. The first part tells the tale of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-28 Simone Hu

We investigate the possibility to separate the bisimulation-invariant fragment of P from that of NP, resp. PSPACE. We build on Otto's Theorem stating that the bisimulation-invariant queries in P are exactly those that are definable in the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Florian Bruse , Martin Lange

We generalize our puzzle formula for ordinary Schubert calculus on Grassmannians, to a formula for the T-equivariant Schubert calculus. The structure constants to be calculated are polynomials in {y_{i+1} - y_i}; they were shown…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Allen Knutson , Terence Tao

Differentiable conjugacies link dynamical systems that share properties such as the stability multipliers of corresponding orbits. It provides a stronger classification than topological conjugacy, which only requires qualitative similarity.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-03-02 P. A. Glendinning , D. J. W. Simpson

The orbits of the orthogonal and symplectic groups on the flag variety are in bijection, respectively, with the involutions and fixed-point-free involutions in the symmetric group $S_n$. Wyser and Yong have described polynomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Zachary Hamaker , Eric Marberg , Brendan Pawlowski

In Schubert Puzzles and Integrability I we proved several "puzzle rules" for computing products of Schubert classes in K-theory (and sometimes equivariant K-theory) of d-step flag varieties. The principal tool was "quantum integrability",…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Allen Knutson , Paul Zinn-Justin