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Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is currently being discussed as a technology to safeguard communication in a future where quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive security…

The emergence of large-scale quantum computing threatens widely deployed public-key cryptographic systems, creating an urgent need for enterprise-level methods to assess post-quantum (PQ) readiness. While PQ standards are under development,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Rasmus Erlemann , Charles Colyer Morris , Sanjyot Sathe

As quantum computing advances, modern cryptographic standards face an existential threat, necessitating a transition to post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has selected CRYSTALS-Kyber…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Elif Dicle Demir , Buse Bilgin , Mehmet Cengiz Onbasli

Due to recent development in quantum computing, the invention of a large quantum computer is no longer a distant future. Quantum computing severely threatens modern cryptography, as the hard mathematical problems beneath classic public-key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Tao Liu , Gowri Ramachandran , Raja Jurdak

Quantum computing is an emerging paradigm with the potential to transform numerous application areas by addressing problems considered intractable in the classical domain. However, its integration into cyberspace introduces significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Suryansh Upadhyay , Koustubh Phalak , Jungeun Lee , Kathleen Mitchell Hill , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum computing threatens the security foundations of consumer electronics (CE). Preparing the diverse CE ecosystem, particularly resource-constrained devices, for the post-quantum era requires quantitative understanding of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Daniel Commey , Benjamin Appiah , Griffith S. Klogo , Winful Bagyl-Bac , James D. Gadze , Yousef Alsenani , Garth V. Crosby

The emergence of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers (CRQCs) presents a critical threat to classical cryptographic systems, particularly widely adopted protocols such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman (DH), and Elliptic Curve Cryptography…

Most currently used cryptographic tools for protecting data are based on certain computational assumptions, which makes them vulnerable with respect to technological and algorithmic developments, such as quantum computing. One existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-28 Aleksey K. Fedorov

With the ever-growing concern for internet security, the field of quantum cryptography emerges as a promising solution for enhancing the security of networking systems. In this paper, 20 notable papers from leading conferences and journals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mst Shapna Akter

As the quantum computing era approaches, securing classical cryptographic protocols becomes imperative. Public key cryptography is widely used for signature and key exchange but it is the type of cryptography more threatened by quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Grazia D'Onghia , Diana Gratiela Berbecaru , Antonio Lioy

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a critical threat to classical cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, where secure communication is essential but often constrained by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Jesus Lopez , Viviana Cadena , Mohammad Saidur Rahman

6G networks will require quantum-secure cryptography deployed across core infrastructure, edge nodes, resource-constrained IoT devices. Although post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms have been standardized by NIST, their practical…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ananya Kudaloor , Adnan Aijaz

There is mounting evidence that a second quantum revolution based on the technological capabilities to detect and manipulate single quantum particles (e.g., electrons, photons, ions, etc), a feat not achieved during the first quantum…

Quantum computers threaten widely deployed cryptographic primitives such as RSA, DSA, and ECC. While NIST has released post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) standards (e.g., Kyber, Dilithium), mobile app ecosystems remain largely unprepared for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Joseph Strauss , Krishna Upadhyay , A. B. Siddique , Ibrahim Baggili , Umar Farooq

Trust is the core building block of secure systems, and it is enforced through methods to ensure that a specific system is properly configured and works as expected. In this context, a Root of Trust (RoT) establishes a trusted environment,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Grazia D'Onghia , Antonio Lioy

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a significant threat to modern cryptographic systems, necessitating the transition to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This study evaluates the support for PQC algorithms within nine widely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Nadeem Ahmed , Lei Zhang , Aryya Gangopadhyay

Another threat is the development of large quantum computers, which have a high likelihood of breaking the high popular security protocols because it can use both Shor and Grover algorithms. In order to fix this looming threat,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Navin Chhibber , Amber Rastogi , Ankur Mahida , Vatsal Gupta , Piyush Ranjan

The proliferation of mobile networks and their increasing importance to modern life, combined with the emerging threat of quantum computing, present new challenges and opportunities for cybersecurity. This paper addresses the complexity of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Sanzida Hoque , Abdullah Aydeger , Engin Zeydan

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability are basic goals of security architecture. To ensure CIA, many authentication scheme has been introduced in several years. Currently deployment of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Marmik Pandya

Organizations have to plan on migrating to quantum-resilient cryptographic measures, also known as PQC. However, this is a difficult task, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no generalized approach to manage such a complex migration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Nils von Nethen , Alex Wiesmaier , Nouri Alnahawi , Johanna Henrich