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Automated Essay Scoring (AES) plays a crucial role in education by providing scalable and efficient assessment tools. However, in real-world settings, the extreme scarcity of labeled data severely limits the development and practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hongseok Choi , Serynn Kim , Wencke Liermann , Jin Seong , Jin-Xia Huang

The Transformer architecture has gained growing attention in graph representation learning recently, as it naturally overcomes several limitations of graph neural networks (GNNs) by avoiding their strict structural inductive biases and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-14 Dexiong Chen , Leslie O'Bray , Karsten Borgwardt

Pretraining plays a pivotal role in acquiring generalized knowledge from large-scale data, achieving remarkable successes as evidenced by large models in CV and NLP. However, progress in the graph domain remains limited due to fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yu Song , Haitao Mao , Jiachen Xiao , Jingzhe Liu , Zhikai Chen , Wei Jin , Carl Yang , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

The field of image synthesis is currently flourishing due to the advancements in diffusion models. While diffusion models have been successful, their computational intensity has prompted the pursuit of more efficient alternatives. As a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zanlin Ni , Yulin Wang , Renping Zhou , Jiayi Guo , Jinyi Hu , Zhiyuan Liu , Shiji Song , Yuan Yao , Gao Huang

CNF-based SAT and MaxSAT solvers are central to logic synthesis and verification systems. The increasing popularity of these constraint problems in electronic design automation encourages studies on different SAT problems and their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Feng Shi , Chonghan Lee , Mohammad Khairul Bashar , Nikhil Shukla , Song-Chun Zhu , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan

Existing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) compute the message exchange between nodes by either aggregating uniformly (convolving) the features of all the neighboring nodes, or by applying a non-uniform score (attending) to the features. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Adrián Javaloy , Pablo Sanchez-Martin , Amit Levi , Isabel Valera

Data-hungry HSI classification methods require high-quality labeled HSIs, which are often costly to obtain. This characteristic limits the performance potential of data-driven methods when dealing with limited annotated samples. Bridging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Xizhe Xue , Haokui Zhang , Haizhao Jing , Lijie Tao , Zongwen Bai , Ying Li

Graph Attention Networks (GATs) have emerged as powerful models for learning expressive representations from such data by adaptively weighting neighboring nodes through attention mechanisms. However, most existing approaches primarily rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Farshad Noravesh , Reza Haffari , Layki Soon , Arghya Pal

Cross-lingual sponsored search is crucial for global advertising platforms, where users from different language backgrounds interact with multilingual ads. Traditional machine translation methods often fail to capture query-specific…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-28 Ziyang Gao , Yuanliang Qu , Yi Han

As one of the most popular GNN architectures, the graph attention networks (GAT) is considered the most advanced learning architecture for graph representation and has been widely used in various graph mining tasks with impressive results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Jingbo Zhou , Yixuan Du , Ruqiong Zhang , Rui Zhang

Student's academic performance prediction empowers educational technologies including academic trajectory and degree planning, course recommender systems, early warning and advising systems. Given a student's past data (such as grades in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Qian Hu , Huzefa Rangwala

We establish connections between the Transformer architecture, originally introduced for natural language processing, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for representation learning on graphs. We show how Transformers can be viewed as message…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Chaitanya K. Joshi

Existing efforts are dedicated to designing many topologies and graph-aware strategies for the graph Transformer, which greatly improve the model's representation capabilities. However, manually determining the suitable Transformer…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Chao Wang , Jiaxuan Zhao , Lingling Li , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Shuyuan Yang

Text classification plays an important role in various downstream text-related tasks, such as sentiment analysis, fake news detection, and public opinion analysis. Recently, text classification based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has made…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zuo Wang , Ye Yuan

We present ASSET, a neural architecture for automatically modifying an input high-resolution image according to a user's edits on its semantic segmentation map. Our architecture is based on a transformer with a novel attention mechanism.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Difan Liu , Sandesh Shetty , Tobias Hinz , Matthew Fisher , Richard Zhang , Taesung Park , Evangelos Kalogerakis

Automated short answer grading (ASAG) has gained attention in education as a means to scale educational tasks to the growing number of students. Recent progress in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning has largely influenced the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Stefan Haller , Adina Aldea , Christin Seifert , Nicola Strisciuglio

Recently, knowledge graph embedding, which projects symbolic entities and relations into continuous vector space, has become a new, hot topic in artificial intelligence. This paper addresses a new issue of multiple relation semantics that a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Han Xiao , Minlie Huang , Yu Hao , Xiaoyan Zhu

Abstract Meaning Representation parsing is a sentence-to-graph prediction task where target nodes are not explicitly aligned to sentence tokens. However, since graph nodes are semantically based on one or more sentence tokens, implicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Jiawei Zhou , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo , Radu Florian

The design of Graph Transformers (GTs) generally neglects considerations for fairness, resulting in biased outcomes against certain sensitive subgroups. Since GTs encode graph information without relying on message-passing mechanisms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Renqiang Luo , Huafei Huang , Shuo Yu , Xiuzhen Zhang , Feng Xia

Lots of neural network architectures have been proposed to deal with learning tasks on graph-structured data. However, most of these models concentrate on only node features during the learning process. The edge features, which usually play…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Jun Chen , Haopeng Chen