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Balancing sensitivity to new tasks and stability for retaining past knowledge is crucial in continual learning (CL). Recently, sharpness-aware minimization has proven effective in transfer learning and has also been adopted in continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Wei Li , Hangjie Yuan , Zixiang Zhao , Yifan Zhu , Aojun Lu , Tao Feng , Yanan Sun

Current reinforcement learning algorithms train an agent using forward-generated trajectories, which provide little guidance so that the agent can explore as much as possible. While realizing the value of reinforcement learning results from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 KyungMin Ko

Online continual learning (CL) studies the problem of learning continuously from a single-pass data stream while adapting to new data and mitigating catastrophic forgetting. Recently, by storing a small subset of old data, replay-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yujie Wei , Jiaxin Ye , Zhizhong Huang , Junping Zhang , Hongming Shan

Modern big-data systems generate massive, heterogeneous, and geographically dispersed streams that are large-scale and privacy-sensitive, making centralization challenging. While federated learning (FL) provides a privacy-enhancing training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Obaidullah Zaland , Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan , Monowar Bhuyan

Continual Few-shot Relation Extraction (CFRE) is a practical problem that requires the model to continuously learn novel relations while avoiding forgetting old ones with few labeled training data. The primary challenges are catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Shengkun Ma , Jiale Han , Yi Liang , Bo Cheng

The ability of neural networks to continuously learn and adapt to new tasks while retaining prior knowledge is crucial for many applications. However, current neural networks tend to forget previously learned tasks when trained on new ones,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Sinan Özgür Özgün , Anne-Marie Rickmann , Abhijit Guha Roy , Christian Wachinger

Continual learning is essential for adapting models to new tasks while retaining previously acquired knowledge. While existing approaches predominantly focus on uni-modal data, multi-modal learning offers substantial benefits by utilizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Evelyn Chee , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Continual lifelong learning is essential to many applications. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective approach to continual deep learning. Our approach leverages the principles of deep model compression, critical weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Steven C. Y. Hung , Cheng-Hao Tu , Cheng-En Wu , Chien-Hung Chen , Yi-Ming Chan , Chu-Song Chen

Catastrophic forgetting (CF) happens whenever a neural network overwrites past knowledge while being trained on new tasks. Common techniques to handle CF include regularization of the weights (using, e.g., their importance on past tasks),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Aurelio Uncini

The forward-forward algorithm presents a new method of training neural networks by updating weights during an inference, performing parameter updates for each layer individually. This immediately reduces memory requirements during training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Michael Hopwood

Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial attacks, which can compromise their performance and accuracy. Adversarial Training (AT) has emerged as a popular approach for protecting neural networks against such attacks. However, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Vijaya Raghavan T Ramkumar , Bahram Zonooz , Elahe Arani

As machine learning systems increasingly rely on data subject to privacy regulation, selectively unlearning specific information from trained models has become essential. In image classification, this involves removing the influence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Prabhav Sanga , Jaskaran Singh , Arun K. Dubey

Given the limitations of backpropagation, perturbation-based gradient computation methods have recently gained focus for learning with only forward passes, also referred to as queries. Conventional forward learning consumes enormous queries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Tao Ren , Zishi Zhang , Jinyang Jiang , Guanghao Li , Zeliang Zhang , Mingqian Feng , Yijie Peng

Parameter-efficient continual learning aims to adapt pre-trained models to sequential tasks without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Most existing approaches treat continual learning as avoiding interference with past updates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hao Gu , Mao-Lin Luo , Zi-Hao Zhou , Han-Chen Zhang , Min-Ling Zhang , Tong Wei

Catastrophic forgetting remains a major obstacle to continual learning in large language models (LLMs) and vision--language models (VLMs). Although Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures offer an efficient path to scaling, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yang Liu , Toan Nguyen , Flora D. Salim

Catastrophic forgetting(CF) is a significant challenge in continual learning (CL). In regularization-based approaches to mitigate CF, modifications to important training parameters are penalized in subsequent tasks using an appropriate loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Sahil Nokhwal , Nirman Kumar

Continual learning involves learning from a stream of data without repetition of data points, a scenario that is inherently complex due to distributional shift across tasks. We propose a query-only attention mechanism that discards keys and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Gautham Bekal , Ashish Pujari , Scott David Kelly

This paper considers continual learning of large-scale pretrained neural machine translation model without accessing the previous training data or introducing model separation. We argue that the widely used regularization-based methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shuhao Gu , Bojie Hu , Yang Feng

Pre-trained vision-language models are able to interpret visual concepts and language semantics. Prompt learning, a method of constructing prompts for text encoders or image encoders, elicits the potentials of pre-trained models and readily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Most artificial intelligence models have limiting ability to solve new tasks faster, without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. The recently emerging paradigm of continual learning aims to solve this issue, in which the model learns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Ju Xu , Zhanxing Zhu