English
Related papers

Related papers: Enhancing Science Literacy through Cognitive Confl…

200 papers

We investigate how to teach large language models (LLMs) to perform scientific reasoning by leveraging expert discussions as a learning signal. Focusing on the genomics domain, we develop an automated pipeline to extract trainable data and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ming Yin , Yuanhao Qu , Ling Yang , Le Cong , Mengdi Wang

Laboratory courses represent a unique and potentially important component of the undergraduate physics curriculum, which can be designed to allow students to authentically engage with the process of experimental physics. Among other…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-02-20 Bethany R. Wilcox , H. J. Lewandowski

Large language models (LLMs) achieve high accuracy on many reasoning benchmarks but remain brittle under structural perturbations of rule-based systems. We introduce a diagnostic framework with four stress tests -- redundant vs. essential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Qiming Bao , Xiaoxuan Fu , Michael Witbrock

This study examines the impact of Socratic Mind, a Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) powered formative assessment tool that employs Socratic questioning to support student learning in a large, fully online undergraduate-level…

We have found that non-STEM majors taking either a conceptual physics or astronomy course at two regional comprehensive institutions score significantly lower pre-instruction on the Lawson's Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning (LCTSR) in…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-05-30 J. Christopher Moore , Louis J. Rubbo

Large language models internalize enormous parametric knowledge during pre-training. Concurrently, realistic applications necessitate external contextual knowledge to aid models on the underlying tasks. This raises a crucial dilemma known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Xiaowei Yuan , Zhao Yang , Yequan Wang , Shengping Liu , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Knowledge-based question answering (KBQA) is a key task in NLP research, and also an approach to access the web data and knowledge, which requires exploiting knowledge graphs (KGs) for reasoning. In the literature, one promising solution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xin Lin , Tianhuang Su , Zhenya Huang , Shangzi Xue , Haifeng Liu , Enhong Chen

Large language modules (LLMs) have great potential for auto-grading student written responses to physics problems due to their capacity to process and generate natural language. In this explorative study, we use a prompt engineering…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-07-23 Zhongzhou Chen , Tong Wan

Cognitive diagnosis (CD) aims to reveal students' proficiency in specific knowledge concepts. With the increasing adoption of intelligent education applications, accurately assessing students' knowledge mastery has become an urgent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Xinjie Sun , Qi Liu , Kai Zhang , Shuanghong Shen , Fei Wang , Yan Zhuang , Zheng Zhang , Weiyin Gong , Shijin Wang , Lina Yang , Xingying Huo

Cognitive structure is a student's subjective organization of an objective knowledge system, reflected in the psychological construction of concepts and their relations. However, cognitive structure assessment remains a long-standing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hengnian Gu , Zhifu Chen , Yuxin Chen , Jin Peng Zhou , Dongdai Zhou

Large language models can fail in critic interaction not only by answering incorrectly, but also by abandoning an initially correct scientific solution after user criticism. This is especially risky in scientific reasoning, where user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wanghan Xu , Yuhao Zhou , Hengyuan Zhao , Shuo Li , Dianzhi Yu , Zhenfei Yin , Yaowen Hu , Fengli Xu , Wanli Ouyang , Wenlong Zhang , Lei Bai

Knowledge conflicts commonly arise across diverse sources, and their prevalence has increased with the advent of LLMs. When dealing with conflicts between multiple contexts, also known as \emph{inter-context knowledge conflicts}, LLMs are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xianda Zheng , Zijian Huang , Meng-Fen Chiang , Michael J. Witbrock , Kaiqi Zhao

Student persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has long been a focus of educational research, with both quantitative and qualitative methods being used to investigate patterns and mechanisms of attrition.…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-05-08 Nathan Davis , Eric Burkholder

Drawing on the Data and Predictions strand of the Indicazioni Nazionali per il curricolo 2012, this study proposes a problem based instructional approach to the teaching of probability. More specifically, the study adopts a design based…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Luigia Caputo , Aniello Buonocore

Recently, the National Research Council's framework for next generation science standards highlighted "computational thinking" as one of its "fundamental practices". 9th Grade students taking a physics course that employed the Modeling…

Student learning in instructional physics labs is a growing area of research that includes studies exploring students' beliefs and expectations about experimental physics. To directly probe students' epistemologies about experimental…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-07-15 Bethany R. Wilcox , H. J. Lewandowski

Machine Unlearning has recently garnered significant attention, aiming to selectively remove knowledge associated with specific data while preserving the model's performance on the remaining data. A fundamental challenge in this process is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gaurav Patel , Qiang Qiu

This study explores the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models, with multi-modal analogical reasoning as an innovative approach to enhance science, technology, engineering, and mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Chen Cao , Zijian Ding , Gyeong-Geon Lee , Jiajun Jiao , Jionghao Lin , Xiaoming Zhai

Knowledge tracing (KT), wherein students' problem-solving histories are used to estimate their current levels of knowledge, has attracted significant interest from researchers. However, most existing KT models were developed with an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Heeseok Jung , Jaesang Yoo , Yohaan Yoon , Yeonju Jang

Interactions are central to intelligent reasoning and learning abilities, with the interpretation of abstract knowledge guiding meaningful interaction with objects in the environment. While humans readily adapt to novel situations by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Arun Kumar , Paul Schrater