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Large language models (LLMs) are a promising venue for natural language understanding and generation tasks. However, current LLMs are far from reliable: they are prone to generate non-factual information and, more crucially, to contradict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Diego Calanzone , Stefano Teso , Antonio Vergari

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, PaLM, and Llama has significantly transformed natural language processing, showcasing remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating language. However, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yifan Zhang

LLMs are not generally able to adjust the length of their outputs based on strict length requirements, a capability that would improve their usefulness in applications that require adherence to diverse user and system requirements. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Diana Marie Schenke , Timo Baumann

When performing tasks like automatic speech recognition or spoken language understanding for a given utterance, access to preceding text or audio provides contextual information can improve performance. Considering the recent advances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Suwon Shon , Kwangyoun Kim , Prashant Sridhar , Yi-Te Hsu , Shinji Watanabe , Karen Livescu

This research explores the application of large language models (LLMs) to generate synthetic datasets for Product Desirability Toolkit (PDT) testing, a key component in evaluating user sentiment and product experience. Utilizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 John D. Hastings , Sherri Weitl-Harms , Joseph Doty , Zachary J. Myers , Warren Thompson

In support of open and reproducible research, there has been a rapidly increasing number of datasets made available for research. As the availability of datasets increases, it becomes more important to have quality metadata for discovering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Shiwei Zhang , Mingfang Wu , Xiuzhen Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to generating factually incorrect outputs. Recent work has applied conformal prediction to provide uncertainty estimates and statistical guarantees for the factuality of LLM generations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Aleksandr Rubashevskii , Dzianis Piatrashyn , Preslav Nakov , Maxim Panov

This paper addresses fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for function calling tasks when real user interaction data is unavailable. In digital content creation tools, where users express their needs through natural language queries…

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, yet face challenges in specialized tasks such as simulating opinions on environmental policies. This paper introduces a novel fine-tuning approach that integrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Haocheng Lin

Linear programming (LP) problems are pervasive in real-life applications. However, despite their apparent simplicity, an untrained user may find it difficult to determine the linear model of their specific problem. We envisage the creation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yelaman Abdullin , Diego Molla-Aliod , Bahadorreza Ofoghi , John Yearwood , Qingyang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automate software engineering tasks, including the generation of UML class diagrams from natural language descriptions. While prior work demonstrates that LLMs can produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rabia Iftikhar , Andreas Rausch

Extending large language models to effectively handle long contexts requires instruction fine-tuning on input sequences of similar length. To address this, we present LongAlign -- a recipe of the instruction data, training, and evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yushi Bai , Xin Lv , Jiajie Zhang , Yuze He , Ji Qi , Lei Hou , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong , Juanzi Li

Transforming a dynamic hypothesis into a causal loop diagram (CLD) is crucial for System Dynamics Modelling. Extracting key variables and causal relationships from text to build a CLD is often challenging and time-consuming for novice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Ning-Yuan Georgia Liu , David R. Keith

Long-context understanding poses significant challenges in natural language processing, particularly for real-world dialogues characterized by speech-based elements, high redundancy, and uneven information density. Although large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yongxuan Wu , Runyu Chen , Peiyu Liu , Hongjin Qian

Long context reasoning in large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated enhancement of their cognitive capabilities via chain-of-thought (CoT) inference. Training such models is usually done via reinforcement learning with verifiable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Purbesh Mitra , Sennur Ulukus

Precisely understanding users' contextual search intent has been an important challenge for conversational search. As conversational search sessions are much more diverse and long-tailed, existing methods trained on limited data still show…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Kelong Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Fengran Mo , Jiewen Hou , Haonan Chen , Hongjin Qian

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

Reliable responses from large language models (LLMs) require adherence to user instructions and retrieved information. While alignment techniques help LLMs align with human intentions and values, improving context-faithfulness through…

Training task-oriented dialogue systems is both costly and time-consuming, due to the need for high-quality datasets encompassing diverse intents. Traditional methods depend on extensive human annotation, while recent advancements leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Maya Medjad , Hugo Imbert , Bruno Yun , Raphaël Szymocha , Frédéric Armetta

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at capturing latent semantics and contextual relationships across diverse modalities. However, in modeling user behavior from sequential interaction data, performance often suffers when such semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mahsa Valizadeh , Xiangjue Dong , Rui Tuo , James Caverlee