Related papers: A Paradigm Gap in Urdu
Language models are becoming the default interface to factual knowledge, yet they often verify outputs more reliably than they generate them. This generation-verification gap (GV-gap) underlies many recent advances in self-improvement and…
Causal reasoning and compositional reasoning are two core aspirations in AI. Measuring the extent of these behaviors requires principled evaluation methods. We explore a unified perspective that considers both behaviors simultaneously,…
We consider commutative regular and context-free grammars, or, in other words, Parikh images of regular and context-free languages. By using linear algebra and a branching analog of the classic Euler theorem, we show that, under an…
Applied category theory provides powerful mathematical tools for modelling processes and their composition. Symmetric monoidal categories, which involve series and parallel composition, are particularly well-suited for describing the…
While the highly multilingual Universal Dependencies (UD) project provides extensive guidelines for clausal structure as well as structure within canonical nominal phrases, a standard treatment is lacking for many "mischievous" nominal…
Urdu, as a low-resource language, lacks effective semantic content recommendation systems, particularly in the domain of personalized news retrieval. Existing approaches largely rely on lexical matching or language-agnostic techniques,…
Urdu is a combination of several languages like Arabic, Hindi, English, Turkish, Sanskrit etc. It has a complex and rich morphology. This is the reason why not much work has been done in Urdu language processing. Stemming is used to convert…
Verbal omissions are complex syntactic phenomena in VP coordination structures. They occur when verbs and (some of) their arguments are omitted from subsequent clauses after being explicitly stated in an initial clause. Recovering these…
Lexical gaps are words that do not exist in certain languages. They pose challenges for building multilingual lexical resources, for machine translation, and for cross-lingual transfer. Existing lexical gap detection relies on human…
Cross-lingual speech emotion recognition is an important task for practical applications. The performance of automatic speech emotion recognition systems degrades in cross-corpus scenarios, particularly in scenarios involving multiple…
The associationist account for early word-learning is based on the co-occurrence between objects and words. Here we examine the performance of a simple associative learning algorithm for acquiring the referents of words in a…
In this paper, we provide a new characterization of uniformly recurrent words with finite defect based on a relation between the palindromic and factor complexity. Furthermore, we introduce a class of morphisms P_ret closed under…
Sound exhaustiveness checking of pattern-matching is an essential feature of functional programming languages, and OCaml supports it for GADTs. However this check is incomplete, in that it may fail to detect that a pattern can match no…
Large language models (LLMs) struggle with relation completion (RC), both with and without retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), particularly when the required information is rare or sparsely represented. To address this, we propose a novel…
Bridging linguistic gaps fosters global growth and cultural exchange. This study addresses the challenges of Roman Urdu -- a Latin-script adaptation of Urdu widely used in digital communication -- by creating a novel parallel dataset…
For any context-free grammar, we build a transition diagram, that is, a finite directed graph with labeled arcs, which describes the work of the grammar. This approach is new, and it is different from previously known graph models. We…
Most categorical models of meaning use a functor from the syntactic category to the semantic category. When semantic information is available, the problem of grammar induction can therefore be defined as finding preimages of the semantic…
Informal language is a style of spoken or written language frequently used in casual conversations, social media, weblogs, emails and text messages. In informal writing, the language faces some lexical and/or syntactic changes varying among…
In a recent comment to the paper Chaotic Integrable transition in the SYK model, it was claimed that, in a certain region of parameters, the Lyapunov exponent of the N Majoranas Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with a quadratic perturbation, is…
Urdu is a widely spoken language with 163 million speakers worldwide across the globe. Information Retrieval (IR) for Urdu entails special consideration of research community due to its rich morphological features and a large number of…