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Faithful generation in large language models (LLMs) is challenged by knowledge conflicts between parametric memory and external context. Existing contrastive decoding methods tuned specifically to handle conflict often lack adaptability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Anant Khandelwal , Manish Gupta , Puneet Agrawal

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in numerous tasks but still heavily rely on knowledge stored in their parameters. Moreover, updating this knowledge incurs high training costs. Retrieval-augmented generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Xuhong Zhang , Weihao Liu , Jianwei Yin , Jiannan Cao , Tianyu Du

Long-form generations from large language models (LLMs) contain a mix of factual and non-factual claims, making evaluating factuality difficult. Prior works evaluate the factuality of a long paragraph by decomposing it into multiple facts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across diverse tasks by leveraging pre-trained (i.e., parametric) and external (i.e., contextual) knowledge. While substantial efforts have been made to enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hyuhng Joon Kim , Youna Kim , Sang-goo Lee , Taeuk Kim

The black-box nature of large language models (LLMs) poses challenges in interpreting results, impacting issues such as data intellectual property protection and hallucination tracing. Training data attribution (TDA) methods are considered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Kangxi Wu , Liang Pang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to document-based tasks - such as document summarization, question answering, and information extraction - where user requirements focus on retrieving information from provided…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Vipula Rawte , Ryan A. Rossi , Franck Dernoncourt , Nedim Lipka

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning abilities across diverse tasks, yet their performance on extended contexts remains inconsistent. While prior research has emphasized mid-context degradation in question answering, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Pietro Bernardelle , Stefano Civelli , Kevin Roitero , Gianluca Demartini

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in tackling various tasks based on human instructions, but studies reveal that they often struggle with tasks requiring reasoning, such as math or physics. This limitation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ruoyu Wang , Xiaoxuan Li , Lina Yao

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in generating human-like text, proving to be a valuable asset across various applications. However, adapting these models to incorporate new, out-of-domain…

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as versatile tools in various daily applications. However, they are fraught with issues that undermine their utility and trustworthiness. These include the incorporation of erroneous references…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Dongyub Lee , Taesun Whang , Chanhee Lee , Heuiseok Lim

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their outputs can sometimes be unreliable or factually incorrect. To address this, we introduce Self Logits Evolution Decoding (SLED), a novel decoding framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jianyi Zhang , Da-Cheng Juan , Cyrus Rashtchian , Chun-Sung Ferng , Heinrich Jiang , Yiran Chen

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has greatly improved our ability to process complex language. However, accurately detecting logical fallacies remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel and effective prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jiwon Jeong , Hyeju Jang , Hogun Park

Deductive coding is a widely used qualitative research method for determining the prevalence of themes across documents. While useful, deductive coding is often burdensome and time consuming since it requires researchers to read, interpret,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Robert Chew , John Bollenbacher , Michael Wenger , Jessica Speer , Annice Kim

As generated text becomes more commonplace, it is increasingly important to evaluate how well-supported such text is by external knowledge sources. Many approaches for evaluating textual support rely on some method for decomposing text into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Miriam Wanner , Seth Ebner , Zhengping Jiang , Mark Dredze , Benjamin Van Durme

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA) has attracted a lot of interest in recent years, especially for complex questions which require multiple facts to answer. Question decomposition is a promising way to answer complex questions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Xiang Huang , Sitao Cheng , Yiheng Shu , Yuheng Bao , Yuzhong Qu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds large language models (LLMs) in external evidence, but fails when retrieved sources conflict or contain outdated or subjective information. Prior work address these issues independently but lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Shubham Mishra , Samyek Jain , Gorang Mehrishi , Shiv Tiwari , Harsh Sharma , Pratik Narang , Dhruv Kumar

Large Language Models (LMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on many Natural Language Processing (NLP) benchmarks. With the growing number of new benchmarks, we build bigger and more complex LMs. However, building new LMs may not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Pruthvi Patel , Swaroop Mishra , Mihir Parmar , Chitta Baral

Recent work has shown that integrating large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers (TPs) in neuro-symbolic pipelines helps with entailment verification and proof-guided refinement of explanations for natural language inference (NLI).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate to long-form questions, producing plausible yet factually incorrect answers. A common mitigation strategy is to provide attribution to LLM outputs. However, existing benchmarks primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yitao Long , Tiansheng Hu , Yilun Zhao , Arman Cohan , Chen Zhao

Benchmarking modern large language models (LLMs) on complex and realistic tasks is critical to advancing their development. In this work, we evaluate the factual accuracy and citation performance of state-of-the-art LLMs on the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Maya Patel , Aditi Anand