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Precision scaling has emerged as a popular technique to optimize the compute and storage requirements of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Efforts toward creating ultra-low-precision (sub-8-bit) DNNs suggest that the minimum precision required…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Reena Elangovan , Shubham Jain , Anand Raghunathan

CNNs have been shown to maintain reasonable classification accuracy when quantized to lower precisions. Quantizing to sub 8-bit activations and weights can result in accuracy falling below an acceptable threshold. Techniques exist for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Philip Colangelo , Nasibeh Nasiri , Asit Mishra , Eriko Nurvitadhi , Martin Margala , Kevin Nealis

A widely-used technique in designing energy-efficient deep neural network (DNN) accelerators is quantization. Recent progress in this direction has reduced the bitwidths used in DNN down to 2. Meanwhile, many prior works apply approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yi Ren , Ruge Xu , Xinfei Guo , Weikang Qian

Compared with cheap addition operation, multiplication operation is of much higher computation complexity. The widely-used convolutions in deep neural networks are exactly cross-correlation to measure the similarity between input feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hanting Chen , Yunhe Wang , Chang Xu , Chao Xu , Chunjing Xu , Tong Zhang

This paper presents by simulation how approximate multipliers can be utilized to enhance the training performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Approximate multipliers have significantly better performance in terms of speed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Issam Hammad , Kamal El-Sankary , Jason Gu

The operations used for neural network computation map favorably onto simple analog circuits, which outshine their digital counterparts in terms of compactness and efficiency. Nevertheless, such implementations have been largely supplanted…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Jonathan Binas , Daniel Neil , Giacomo Indiveri , Shih-Chii Liu , Michael Pfeiffer

A multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation is the main computation unit for DSP applications. DSP blocks are one of the efficient solutions to implement MACs in FPGA's. However, since the DSP blocks have wide multiplier and adder blocks, MAC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ercan Kalali , Rene van Leuken

We propose a Digital Neuron, a hardware inference accelerator for convolutional deep neural networks with integer inputs and integer weights for embedded systems. The main idea to reduce circuit area and power consumption is manipulating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-08 Hyunbin Park , Dohyun Kim , Shiho Kim

Approximate computing is emerging as an alternative to accurate computing due to its potential for realizing digital circuits and systems with low power dissipation, less critical path delay, and less area occupancy for an acceptable…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-19 P Balasubramanian

The training for deep neural networks (DNNs) demands immense energy consumption, which restricts the development of deep learning as well as increases carbon emissions. Thus, the study of energy-efficient training for DNNs is essential. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Chang Liu , Rui Zhang , Xishan Zhang , Yifan Hao , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Ling Li , Qi Guo

Deep neural networks ( DNNs ) are becoming a key enabling technology for many application domains. However, on-device inference on battery-powered, resource-constrained embedding systems is often infeasible due to prohibitively long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Vicent Sanz Marco , Ben Taylor , Zheng Wang , Yehia Elkhatib

Deep neural network (DNN) accelerators with improved energy and delay are desirable for meeting the requirements of hardware targeted for IoT and edge computing systems. Convolutional neural networks (CoNNs) belong to one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Qiuwen Lou , Chenyun Pan , John McGuiness , Andras Horvath , Azad Naeemi , Michael Niemier , X. Sharon Hu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are very popular because of their high performance in various cognitive tasks in Machine Learning (ML). Recent advancements in DNNs have brought beyond human accuracy in many tasks, but at the cost of high…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Giorgos Armeniakos , Georgios Zervakis , Dimitrios Soudris , Jörg Henkel

Mixed-signal hardware accelerators for deep learning achieve orders of magnitude better power efficiency than their digital counterparts. In the ultra-low power consumption regime, limited signal precision inherent to analog computation…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Michael Klachko , Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi , Dmitri B. Strukov

In this paper, we introduce a method to compress intermediate feature maps of deep neural networks (DNNs) to decrease memory storage and bandwidth requirements during inference. Unlike previous works, the proposed method is based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Denis A. Gudovskiy , Alec Hodgkinson , Luca Rigazio

Deep neural networks (DNNs) frequently contain far more weights, represented at a higher precision, than are required for the specific task which they are trained to perform. Consequently, they can often be compressed using techniques such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Vinu Joseph , Saurav Muralidharan , Animesh Garg , Michael Garland , Ganesh Gopalakrishnan

Although convolutional neural network (CNN) has made great progress, large redundant parameters restrict its deployment on embedded devices, especially mobile devices. The recent compression works are focused on real-value convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Jiasong Wu , Hongshan Ren , Youyong Kong , Chunfeng Yang , Lotfi Senhadji , Huazhong Shu

Although physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown great potential in dealing with nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), it is common that PINNs will suffer from the problem of insufficient precision or obtaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Feilong Jiang , Xiaonan Hou , Min Xia

Power consumption is a major obstacle in the deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs) on end devices. Existing approaches for reducing power consumption rely on quite general principles, including avoidance of multiplication operations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Nurit Spingarn Eliezer , Ron Banner , Elad Hoffer , Hilla Ben-Yaakov , Tomer Michaeli

Deploying mixed-precision neural networks on edge devices is friendly to hardware resources and power consumption. To support fully mixed-precision neural network inference, it is necessary to design flexible hardware accelerators for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Liang Zhao , Kunming Shao , Fengshi Tian , Tim Kwang-Ting Cheng , Chi-Ying Tsui , Yi Zou