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The Internet of Things (IoT) has witnessed unprecedented growth, resulting in a massive influx of diverse network traffic from interconnected devices. Effectively classifying this network traffic is crucial for optimizing resource…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Jawad Hussain Kalwar , Sania Bhatti

Malware abuses TLS to encrypt its malicious traffic, preventing examination by content signatures and deep packet inspection. Network detection of malicious TLS flows is an important, but challenging, problem. Prior works have proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Gibran Gomez , Platon Kotzias , Matteo Dell'Amico , Leyla Bilge , Juan Caballero

Recent network traffic classification methods benefitfrom machine learning (ML) technology. However, there aremany challenges due to use of ML, such as: lack of high-qualityannotated datasets, data-drifts and other effects causing aging…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Jaroslav Pešek , Dominik Soukup , Tomáš Čejka

The classification of internet traffic has become increasingly important due to the rapid growth of today's networks and applications. The number of connections and the addition of new applications in our networks causes a vast amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Igor Cherepanov , Alex Ulmer , Jonathan Geraldi Joewono , Jörn Kohlhammer

As modern networks grow increasingly complex--driven by diverse devices, encrypted protocols, and evolving threats--network traffic analysis has become critically important. Existing machine learning models often rely only on a single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Binghui Wu , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mohan Gurusamy

Money laundering is a financial crime that obscures the origin of illicit funds, necessitating the development and enforcement of anti-money laundering (AML) policies by governments and organizations. The proliferation of mobile payment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiani Fan , Lwin Khin Shar , Ruichen Zhang , Ziyao Liu , Wenzhuo Yang , Dusit Niyato , Bomin Mao , Kwok-Yan Lam

The goal of automated machine learning (AutoML) is to reduce trial and error when doing machine learning (ML). Although AutoML methods for classification are able to deal with data imperfections, such as outliers, multiple scales and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Marcos L. P. Bueno , Joaquin Vanschoren

NetFlow data is a popular network log format used by many network analysts and researchers. The advantages of using NetFlow over deep packet inspection are that it is easier to collect and process, and it is less privacy intrusive. Many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Clinton Cao , Annibale Panichella , Sicco Verwer , Agathe Blaise , Filippo Rebecchi

The network security analyzers use intrusion detection systems (IDSes) to distinguish malicious traffic from benign ones. The deep learning-based IDSes are proposed to auto-extract high-level features and eliminate the time-consuming and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Mahdi Soltani , Khashayar Khajavi , Mahdi Jafari Siavoshani , Amir Hossein Jahangir

Automatic traffic classification is increasingly important in networking due to the current trend of encrypting transport information (e.g., behind HTTP encrypted tunnels) which prevents intermediate nodes to access end-to-end transport…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Raffaello Secchi , Pietro Cassarà , Alberto Gotta

The rapid evolution of mobile networks from 5G to 6G has necessitated the development of autonomous network management systems, such as Zero-Touch Networks (ZTNs). However, the increased complexity and automation of these networks have also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Li Yang , Abdallah Shami

The use of Machine Learning (ML) models in cybersecurity solutions requires high-quality data that is stripped of redundant, missing, and noisy information. By selecting the most relevant features, data integrity and model efficiency can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Miguel Silva , João Vitorino , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

As the digital landscape becomes more interconnected, the frequency and severity of zero-day attacks, have significantly increased, leading to an urgent need for innovative Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Machine Learning-based IDS that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Ippokratis Koukoulis , Ilias Syrigos , Thanasis Korakis

Robust network security systems are essential to prevent and mitigate the harming effects of the ever-growing occurrence of network attacks. In recent years, machine learning-based systems have gain popularity for network security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Gonzalo Marín , Pedro Casas , Germán Capdehourat

Recently, advances in deep learning have been observed in various fields, including computer vision, natural language processing, and cybersecurity. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated its ability as a potential tool for anomaly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-31 D'Jeff Kanda Nkashama , Arian Soltani , Jean-Charles Verdier , Marc Frappier , Pierre-Martin Tardif , Froduald Kabanza

Network neutrality is related to the non-discriminatory treatment of packets on the Internet. Any deliberate discrimination of traffic of one application while favoring others violates the principle of neutrality. Many countries have…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Vinod S. Khandkar , Manjesh K. Hanawal

In recent years, sequence features such as packet length have received considerable attention due to their central role in encrypted traffic analysis. Existing sequence modeling approaches can be broadly categorized into flow-level and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Youquan Xian , Xueying Zeng , Aoxiang Zhou , Jinqiao Shi , Zhiyu Hao , Lei Cui , Peng Liu

Understanding the traffic dynamics in networks is a core capability for automated systems to monitor and analyze networking behaviors, reducing expensive human efforts and economic risks through tasks such as traffic classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jiawei Zhou , Woojeong Kim , Zhiying Xu , Alexander M. Rush , Minlan Yu

Automated machine learning (AutoML) has emerged as a promising paradigm for automating machine learning (ML) pipeline design, broadening AI adoption. Yet its reliability in complex domains such as cybersecurity remains underexplored. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sherif Saad , Kevin Shi , Mohammed Mamun , Hythem Elmiligi

Machine learning and deep learning algorithms can be used to classify encrypted Internet traffic. Classification of encrypted traffic can become more challenging in the presence of adversarial attacks that target the learning algorithms. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Ramy Maarouf , Danish Sattar , Ashraf Matrawy
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