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Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled instruction-conditioned robotic systems with improved generalization. However, most existing work focuses on reactive System 1 policies, underutilizing VLMs' strengths in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Songhao Han , Boxiang Qiu , Yue Liao , Siyuan Huang , Chen Gao , Shuicheng Yan , Si Liu

In dynamic environments such as warehouses, hospitals, and homes, robots must seamlessly transition between gross motion and precise manipulations to complete complex tasks. However, current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) frameworks, largely…

While leveraging abundant human videos and simulated robot data poses a scalable solution to the scarcity of real-world robot data, the generalization capability of existing vision-language-action models (VLAs) remains limited by mismatches…

Vision-language-action(VLA) models have shown great promise as generalist policies for a large range of relatively simple tasks. However, they demonstrate limited performance on more complex tasks, such as those requiring complex spatial or…

Robotic manipulation is a fundamental component of automation. However, traditional perception-planning pipelines often fall short in open-ended tasks due to limited flexibility, while the architecture of a single end-to-end…

Enabling robots to learn long-horizon manipulation tasks from a handful of demonstrations remains a central challenge in robotics. Existing neuro-symbolic approaches often rely on hand-crafted symbolic abstractions, semantically labeled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Pierrick Lorang , Johannes Huemer , Timothy Duggan , Kai Goebel , Patrik Zips , Matthias Scheutz

End-to-end autonomous driving models based on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have shown promising results by learning driving policies through behavior cloning on expert demonstrations. However, imitation learning inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zihao Sheng , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Sikai Chen , Liu Ren

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly used to bridge language and action in embodied agents, yet the operational characteristics of different FM integration strategies remain under-explored -- particularly for complex instruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiuchao Sui , Daiying Tian , Qi Sun , Ruirui Chen , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok , Soujanya Poria

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising paradigm for generalist robotic manipulation by grounding high-level semantic instructions into executable physical actions. However, prevailing approaches typically adopt a monolithic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yifei Wei , Linqing Zhong , Yi Liu , Yuxiang Lu , Xindong He , Maoqing Yao , Guanghui Ren

While significant research has focused on developing embodied reasoning capabilities using Vision-Language Models (VLMs) or integrating advanced VLMs into Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for end-to-end robot control, few studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Ganlin Yang , Tianyi Zhang , Haoran Hao , Weiyun Wang , Yibin Liu , Dehui Wang , Guanzhou Chen , Zijian Cai , Junting Chen , Weijie Su , Wengang Zhou , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai , Jiangmiao Pang , Gen Luo , Wenhai Wang , Yao Mu , Zhi Hou

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are increasingly expected to not only complete robot tasks, but also follow human instructions about how those tasks should be executed. However, existing robot datasets usually pair trajectories with…

Traditional reinforcement learning-based robotic control methods are often task-specific and fail to generalize across diverse environments or unseen objects and instructions. Visual Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate strong scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qi Sun , Pengfei Hong , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , U-Xuan Tan , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

In robotics, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models that integrate diverse multimodal signals from multi-view inputs have emerged as an effective approach. However, most prior work adopts static fusion that processes all visual inputs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Young-Chae Son , Jung-Woo Lee , Yoon-Ji Choi , Dae-Kwan Ko , Soo-Chul Lim

Recently, leveraging pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) for building vision-language-action (VLA) models has emerged as a promising approach to effective robot manipulation learning. However, only few methods incorporate 3D signals…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Peiyan Li , Yixiang Chen , Hongtao Wu , Xiao Ma , Xiangnan Wu , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tao Kong , Tieniu Tan

Achieving generalizable manipulation in unconstrained environments requires the robot to proactively resolve information uncertainty, i.e., the capability of active perception. However, existing methods are often confined in limited types…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jialiang Li , Yi Qiao , Yunhan Guo , Changwen Chen , Wenzhao Lian

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising path to realizing generalist embodied agents that can quickly adapt to new tasks, modalities, and environments. However, methods for interpreting and steering VLAs fall far short of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Bear Häon , Kaylene Stocking , Ian Chuang , Claire Tomlin

In egocentric scenarios, anticipating both the next action and its visual outcome is essential for understanding human-object interactions and for enabling robotic planning. However, existing paradigms fall short of jointly modeling these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Binjie Zhang , Mike Zheng Shou

A robot in a human-centric environment needs to account for the human's intent and future motion in its task and motion planning to ensure safe and effective operation. This requires symbolic reasoning about probable future actions and the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Moritz A. Graule , Volkan Isler

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has marked a significant breakthrough in Artificial Intelligence (AI), ushering in a new era of Human-centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). HAI aims to better serve human welfare and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Wenbin Ding , Jun Chen , Mingjia Chen , Fei Xie , Qi Mao , Philip Dames

Prevalent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are typically built upon Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) and demonstrate exceptional proficiency in semantic understanding, but they inherently lack the capability to deduce physical…