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Implicit deep learning has received increasing attention recently due to the fact that it generalizes the recursive prediction rules of many commonly used neural network architectures. Its prediction rule is provided implicitly based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Tianxiang Gao , Hailiang Liu , Jia Liu , Hridesh Rajan , Hongyang Gao

In recent years, newly developed methods to train spiking neural networks (SNNs) have rendered them as a plausible alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in terms of accuracy, while at the same time being much more energy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Nicolas Perez-Nieves , Dan F. M Goodman

This paper introduces scalable, sampling-based algorithms that optimize trained neural networks with ReLU activations. We first propose an iterative algorithm that takes advantage of the piecewise linear structure of ReLU neural networks…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Georgia Perakis , Asterios Tsiourvas

Input-Convex Neural Networks (ICNNs) are networks that guarantee convexity in their input-output mapping. These networks have been successfully applied for energy-based modelling, optimal transport problems and learning invariances. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Pieter-Jan Hoedt , Günter Klambauer

A wide variety of activation functions have been proposed for neural networks. The Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) is especially popular today. There are many practical reasons that motivate the use of the ReLU. This paper provides new…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-19 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

We present a new approach for input optimization of ReLU networks that explicitly takes into account the effect of changes in activation patterns. We analyze local optimization steps in both the input space and the space of activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hongzhan Yu , Sicun Gao

Normalization layers are a staple in state-of-the-art deep neural network architectures. They are widely believed to stabilize training, enable higher learning rate, accelerate convergence and improve generalization, though the reason for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Hongyi Zhang , Yann N. Dauphin , Tengyu Ma

Loss of plasticity, trainability loss, and primacy bias have been identified as issues arising when training deep neural networks on sequences of tasks -- all referring to the increased difficulty in training on new tasks. We propose to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Wesley Chung , Lynn Cherif , David Meger , Doina Precup

We prove that, for the fundamental regression task of learning a single neuron, training a one-hidden layer ReLU network of any width by gradient flow from a small initialisation converges to zero loss and is implicitly biased to minimise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Dmitry Chistikov , Matthias Englert , Ranko Lazic

Deep neural networks achieve state-of-the-art performance for a range of classification and inference tasks. However, the use of stochastic gradient descent combined with the nonconvexity of the underlying optimization problems renders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Ramina Ghods , Andrew S. Lan , Tom Goldstein , Christoph Studer

This paper introduces a novel neural network for efficiently solving Structured Inverse Eigenvalue Problems (SIEPs). The main contributions lie in two aspects: firstly, a unified framework is proposed that can handle various SIEPs…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-01 Shuai Zhang , Xuelian Jiang , Hao Qian , Yingxiang Xu

The success of artificial neural networks (ANNs) hinges greatly on the judicious selection of an activation function, introducing non-linearity into network and enabling them to model sophisticated relationships in data. However, the search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Haoyuan Sun , Zihao Wu , Bo Xia , Pu Chang , Zibin Dong , Yifu Yuan , Yongzhe Chang , Xueqian Wang

We present a novel algorithm for training deep neural networks in supervised (classification and regression) and unsupervised (reinforcement learning) scenarios. This algorithm combines the standard stochastic gradient descent and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Arunselvan Ramaswamy , Shalabh Bhatnagar , Naman Saxena

An activation function has crucial role in a deep neural network. A simple rectified linear unit (ReLU) are widely used for the activation function. In this paper, a weighted sigmoid gate unit (WiG) is proposed as the activation function.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Masayuki Tanaka

Motivated by the growing theoretical understanding of neural networks that employ the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as their activation function, we revisit the use of ReLU activation functions for learning implicit neural representations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-05 Joseph Shenouda , Yamin Zhou , Robert D. Nowak

To theoretically understand the behavior of trained deep neural networks, it is necessary to study the dynamics induced by gradient methods from a random initialization. However, the nonlinear and compositional structure of these models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Karl Hajjar , Lénaïc Chizat , Christophe Giraud

The training success, training speed and generalization ability of neural networks rely crucially on the choice of random parameter initialization. It has been shown for multiple architectures that initial dynamical isometry is particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Advait Gadhikar , Rebekka Burkholz

Proper weight initialization prior to training has historically been one of the key factors that helped kick off the deep learning revolution. Initialization is even more crucial in "reservoir computing", where the weights of a readout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tommaso Fioratti , Riccardo Marcaccioli , Francesco Casola

Recent Progress has shown that exploitation of hidden layer neurons in convolution neural networks incorporating with a carefully designed activation function can yield better classification results in the field of computer vision. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Zhi Chen , Pin-han Ho

The Rectified Power Unit (RePU) activation function, a differentiable generalization of the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), has shown promise in constructing neural networks due to its smoothness properties. However, deep RePU networks often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taeyoung Kim , Myungjoo Kang