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Self-consistency methods are the core technique for improving the reasoning reliability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). By generating multiple reasoning results through repeated sampling and selecting the best answer via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Xinglong Yang , Zhilin Peng , Zhanzhan Liu , Haochen Shi , Sheng-Jun Huang

Code generation, the task of creating executable programs from natural language requirements, has recently seen tremendous advances through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, which enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to develop high-level…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shuzheng Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Michael R. Lyu

Recent research in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has concentrated on retrieving useful information from candidate documents. However, numerous methodologies frequently neglect the calibration capabilities of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Guanhua Chen , Yutong Yao , Lidia S. Chao , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong

Self-improvement is a significant techniques within the realm of large language model (LLM), aiming to enhance the LLM performance without relying on external data. Despite its significance, generally how LLM performances evolve during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yifan Sun , Yushan Liang , Zhen Zhang , Xin Liu , Jiaye Teng

We introduce the \textit{Extract-Refine-Retrieve-Read} (ERRR) framework, a novel approach designed to bridge the pre-retrieval information gap in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems through query optimization tailored to meet the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Youan Cong , Pritom Saha Akash , Cheng Wang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Recent studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) exhibit significant biases in evaluation tasks, particularly in preferentially rating and favoring self-generated content. However, the extent to which this bias manifests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Jing Jin , Peng-Ting Kuo , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Existing approaches based on context prompting or reinforcement learning (RL) to improve the reasoning capacities of large language models (LLMs) depend on the LLMs' internal knowledge to produce reliable Chain-Of-Thought (CoT). However, no…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jiashu He , Mingyu Derek Ma , Jinxuan Fan , Dan Roth , Wei Wang , Alejandro Ribeiro

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made it increasingly difficult to distinguish human-written text from AI-generated content. Many existing detectors train supervised neural classifiers that achieve strong in-distribution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pingfan Su , Kai Ye , Shijin Gong , Erhan Xu , Jin Zhu , Giulia Livieri , Chengchun Shi

Although the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigms can use external knowledge to enhance and ground the outputs of Large Language Models (LLMs) to mitigate generative hallucinations and static knowledge base problems, they still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Diji Yang , Jinmeng Rao , Kezhen Chen , Xiaoyuan Guo , Yawen Zhang , Jie Yang , Yi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility across various domains. To further advance LLMs, we propose 'SELF' (Self-Evolution with Language Feedback), a novel approach that enables LLMs to self-improve through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Jianqiao Lu , Wanjun Zhong , Wenyong Huang , Yufei Wang , Qi Zhu , Fei Mi , Baojun Wang , Weichao Wang , Xingshan Zeng , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

As LLM benchmarks saturate, the evaluation community has pursued two strategies to increase difficulty: escalating knowledge demands (GPQA, HLE) or removing knowledge entirely in favor of abstract reasoning (ARC-AGI). The first conflates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rohit Patel , Alexandre Rezende , Steven McClain

Large language models are powerful text processors and reasoners, but are still subject to limitations including outdated knowledge and hallucinations, which necessitates connecting them to the world. Retrieval-augmented large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zhihong Shao , Yeyun Gong , Yelong Shen , Minlie Huang , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Transformers with linear recurrent modeling offer linear-time training and constant-memory inference. Despite their demonstrated efficiency and performance, pretraining such non-standard architectures from scratch remains costly and risky.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Disen Lan , Weigao Sun , Jiaxi Hu , Jusen Du , Yu Cheng

Although large language models (LLMs) have become more capable and accurate across many tasks, some fundamental sources of unreliability remain in their behavior. One key limitation is their inconsistency at reporting the same information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Juan Diego Rodriguez , Wenxuan Ding , Katrin Erk , Greg Durrett

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, fine-tuning these models often necessitates substantial supervision, which can be expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Jing-Cheng Pang , Pengyuan Wang , Kaiyuan Li , Xiong-Hui Chen , Jiacheng Xu , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, yet their improvement methods remain fundamentally constrained by human design. We present Self-Developing, a framework that enables LLMs to autonomously discover,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in numerous tasks but still heavily rely on knowledge stored in their parameters. Moreover, updating this knowledge incurs high training costs. Retrieval-augmented generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Xuhong Zhang , Weihao Liu , Jianwei Yin , Jiannan Cao , Tianyu Du

The effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) is closely tied to the design of prompts, making prompt optimization essential for enhancing their performance across a wide range of tasks. Many existing approaches to automating prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Sarkar Snigdha Sarathi Das , Ryo Kamoi , Bo Pang , Yusen Zhang , Caiming Xiong , Rui Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) show great potential in temporal reasoning, most existing work focuses heavily on enhancing performance, often neglecting the explainable reasoning processes underlying the results. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Zihao Jiang , Ben Liu , Miao Peng , Wenjie Xu , Yao Xiao , Zhenyan Shan , Min Peng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia