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Lyman-$\alpha$ damping wings towards quasars provide a unique probe of reionization because their strength correlates strongly with the global volume-averaged neutral hydrogen (HI) fraction of the intergalactic medium (IGM). Cosmic variance…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Timo Kist , Joseph F. Hennawi , Frederick B. Davies

We investigate the precision with which the Lyman-$\alpha$ damping wing signature imprinted on the spectra of high-redshift quasars (QSOs) by the foreground neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) can measure the history of cosmic reionization.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-19 Timo Kist , Joseph F. Hennawi , Frederick B. Davies

During reionization, neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) imprints a damping wing absorption feature on the spectrum of high-redshift quasars. A detection of this signature provides compelling evidence for a significantly…

Thus far, Lyman-$\alpha$ damping wings towards quasars have been used to probe the \textit{global} ionization state of the foreground intergalactic medium (IGM). A new parameterization has demonstrated that the damping wing signature also…

We introduce a new approach for analyzing the IGM damping wings imprinted on the proximity zones of quasars in the epoch of reionization (EoR). Whereas past work has typically forgone the additional constraining power afforded by the blue…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 Joseph F. Hennawi , Timo Kist , Frederick B. Davies , John Tamanas

One well-known way to constrain the hydrogen neutral fraction, x_H, of the high-redshift intergalactic medium (IGM) is through the shape of the red damping wing of the Lya absorption line. We examine this method's effectiveness in light of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Andrei Mesinger , Steven Furlanetto

The spectra of several high-redshift (z>6) quasars have shown evidence for a Gunn-Peterson (GP) damping wing, indicating a substantial mean neutral hydrogen fraction (x_HI > 0.03) in the z ~ 6 intergalactic medium (IGM). However, previous…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Joshua Schroeder , Andrei Mesinger , Zoltan Haiman

Arguably the best hope of understanding the tail end of the reionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at redshift z > 6 is through the detection and characterization of the Gunn-Peterson (GP) damping wing absorption of the IGM in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-25 Roban Hultman Kramer , Zoltan Haiman

The attenuation of Ly$\alpha$ photons by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at $z\gtrsim5$ continues to be a powerful probe for studying the epoch of reionisation. Given a framework to estimate the intrinsic (true)…

Bright, high redshift ($z>6$) QSOs are powerful probes of the ionisation state of the intervening intergalactic medium (IGM). The detection of Ly$\alpha$ damping wing absorption imprinted in the spectrum of high-z QSOs can provide strong…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-06 Bradley Greig , Andrei Mesinger , Frederick B. Davies , Feige Wang , Jinyi Yang , Joseph F. Hennawi

Recently, NIRSpec PRISM/CLEAR observations by JWST have begun providing rest-frame UV continuum measurements of galaxies at $z\gtrsim7$, revealing signatures of Ly$\alpha$ damping-wing (DW) absorption by the intergalactic medium (IGM). We…

Recent observations of high-redshift galaxies and quasars indicate that the hydrogen component of the intergalactic medium (IGM) must have been reionized at some redshift z>6. Prior to complete reionization, sources of ultraviolet radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Piero Madau , Martin J. Rees

Luminous $z\ge7$ quasars provide direct probes of the evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the epoch of reionization (EoR). The Ly$\alpha$ damping wing absorption imprinted by neutral…

Ionizing sources embedded in the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) before cosmological reionization generate discrete HII regions. We show that a sufficiently bright quasar (for example, one tenth as luminous as that recently discovered by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Renyue Cen , Zoltan Haiman

Lyman-alpha forest absorption spectra towards quasars at z ~ 6 show regions of enhanced transmission close to their source. Several authors have argued that the apparently small sizes of these regions indicate that quasar ionization fronts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Adam Lidz , Matthew McQuinn , Matias Zaldarriaga , Lars Hernquist , Suvendra Dutta

Observations of high-redshift quasars show that the IGM must have been reionized at some redshift $z>5$. If a source of radiation could be observed at the rest-frame Lya wavelength, at a sufficiently high redshift where some of the IGM in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-28 Jordi Miralda-Escude

Measurement of the red damping wing of neutral hydrogen in quasar spectra provides a probe of the epoch of reionization in the early Universe. Such quantification requires precise and unbiased estimates of the intrinsic continua near…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-04 David M. Reiman , John Tamanas , J. Xavier Prochaska , Dominika Ďurovčíková

We assess the impact of inhomogeneous reionization on detection of HII regions surrounding luminous high redshift quasars using planned low frequency radio telescopes. Our approach is to implement a semi-numerical scheme to calculate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-24 Paul M. Geil , Stuart Wyithe

Cosmic reionization was the last major phase transition of hydrogen from neutral to highly ionized in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Current observations show that the IGM is significantly neutral at $z>7$, and largely ionized by…

The intergalactic medium (IGM) around quasars is shaped by their dense environments and by their excess ionizing radiation, forming a "quasar proximity zone" whose size and anisotropy depend on the quasar's halo mass, luminosity, age, and…

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