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We present multi-epoch spectroscopic follow-up of a sample of ellipsoidal variables selected from Gaia DR3 as candidates for hosting quiescent black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs). Our targets were identified as BH/NS candidates…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-31 Pranav Nagarajan , Kareem El-Badry , Antonio C. Rodriguez , Jan van Roestel , Benjamin Roulston

The third data release of the Gaia mission (Gaia DR3) has enabled large-scale searches for dormant black hole and neutron star binaries with stellar companions at AU-scale separations. A recent study has proposed thousands of dormant black…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-24 Qian-Yu An , Wei-Min Gu

We develop stellar population models to predict the number of binaries with a single luminous member is Gaia and Hipparcos. Our models yield dozens of detections of black hole - luminous companion binaries (BHLC) and hundreds to thousands…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Almog Yalinewich , Paz Beniamini , Kenta Hotokezaka , Wei Zhu

The 3rd data release of the Gaia mission includes orbital solutions for $> 10^5$ single-lined spectroscopic binaries, representing more than an order of magnitude increase in sample size over all previous studies. This dataset is a treasure…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-06 Kareem El-Badry , Hans-Walter Rix

Until recently, black holes (BHs) could be discovered only through accretion from other stars in X-ray binaries, or in merging double compact objects. Improvements in astrometric and spectroscopic measurements have made it possible to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-01 Grzegorz Wiktorowicz , Youjun Lu , Łukasz Wyrzykowski , Haotong Zhang , Jifeng Liu , Stephen Justham , Krzysztof Belczynski

Understanding the connection between the properties of black holes (BHs) and their progenitors is interesting in many branches of astrophysics. Discovering BHs in detached orbits with luminous companions (LCs) promises to help create this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-25 Chirag Chawla , Sourav Chatterjee , Neev Shah , Katelyn Breivik

The third Gaia data release (DR3) contains $\sim$170\,000 astrometric orbit solutions of two-body systems located within $\sim$500 pc of the Sun. Determining component masses in these systems, in particular of stars hosting exoplanets,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-17 Johannes Sahlmann , Pablo Gómez

Stellar-mass black holes (BHs) above $30 M_\odot$ are predicted to form from low-metallicity progenitors, but direct detections of such systems in the Milky Way remain scarce. Motivated by the recent discovery of Gaia BH3, a $33 M_\odot$ BH…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-21 Casey Y. Lam , Joshua D. Simon , Kareem El-Badry , Howard Isaacson , Daniel D. Kelson , Jessica Lu

We construct from Gaia eDR3 an extensive catalog of spatially resolved binary stars within $\approx$ 1 kpc of the Sun, with projected separations ranging from a few au to 1 pc. We estimate the probability that each pair is a chance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-17 Kareem El-Badry , Hans-Walter Rix , Tyler M. Heintz

Gaia DR3, released in June 2022, included low-resolution XP spectra that have been used for the classification of various types of emission-line objects through machine-learning techniques. The Gaia Extended Stellar Parametrizer for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-26 Lionel Mulato , Jaroslav Merc , Stéphane Charbonnel , Olivier Garde , Pascal Le Dû , Thomas Petit

The recent Gaia third data release (DR3) has brought some new exciting data about stellar binaries. It provides new opportunities to fully characterize more stellar systems and contribute to enforce our global knowledge of stars behaviour.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-04 S. Chevalier , C. Babusiaux , T. Merle , F. Arenou

The Gaia mission and its follow-up observations have discovered a few candidates of non-interacting single black holes (BHs) and visible stars, Gaia BH1, BH2, and BH3, collectively called ``astrometric BH binaries''. This paper investigates…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-26 Ataru Tanikawa , Long Wang , Michiko S. Fujii , Alessandro A. Trani , Toshinori Hayashi , Yasushi Suto

We report the discovery of a candidate binary system consisting of a black hole (BH) and a red giant branch star from the Gaia DR3. This binary system is discovered from 64108 binary solutions for which both astrometric and spectroscopic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-12 Ataru Tanikawa , Kohei Hattori , Norita Kawanaka , Tomoya Kinugawa , Minori Shikauchi , Daichi Tsuna

Galactic short-period close white dwarf binaries (CWDBs) are important objects for space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors in the millihertz frequency bands. Due to the intrinsically low luminosity, only about 25 identified CWDBs are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-07 Liangliang Ren , Chengyuan Li , Bo Ma , Sihao Cheng , Shun-Jia Huang , Baitian Tang , Yi-ming Hu

Gaia has recently revealed a population of over 20 compact objects in wide astrometric binaries, while LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) have observed around 100 compact object binaries as gravitational-wave (GW) mergers. Despite belonging to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-09 M. Fishbach , K. Breivik , R. Willcox , L. A. C van Son

We present a method to identify likely visual binaries in Gaia eDR3 that does not rely on parallax or proper motion. This method utilizes the various PSF sizes of 2MASS/Gaia, where at $<2.5$" two stars may be unresolved in 2MASS but…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-03 Ilija Medan , Sébastien Lépine

We have created an up-to-date catalogue of 214 brown dwarfs (BDs) in binaries with $P < 10^4$ d. This allows us to examine the population statistics of the brown dwarf desert. We searched $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3 NSS results for orbital…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-05 Adam T. Stevenson , Carole A. Haswell , John R. Barnes , Joanna K. Barstow

We present a comprehensive overview of a volume-complete sample of white dwarfs located within 40 pc of the Sun, a significant proportion of which were detected in Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3). Our DR3 sample contains 1076 spectroscopically…

RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are classical tracers of old stellar populations, yet growing evidence suggests the presence of a metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-0.5), intermediate-age (2-7 Gyr) sub-population in the Milky Way disc. Binary evolution,…

We predict the number of black holes with stellar companions that are potentially detectable with Gaia astrometry over the course of its five-year mission. Our model estimates that nearly 2$\times$10$^5$ astrometric binaries hosting black…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-07-26 Natalie Mashian , Abraham Loeb