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X-ray microtomography is a versatile tool allowing the measurement of the 3D structure of optically thick samples. As a non-destructive technique, it is readily adapted to 4D imaging, where a sample can be monitored over time, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-17 Harry Allan , Tom Partridge , Joseph Jacob , Marco Endrizzi

Diffraction imaging of non-equilibrium dynamics at atomic resolution is becoming possible with X-ray free-electron lasers. However, there are unresolved problems with applying this method to objects that are confined in only one dimension.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-02-19 Kenneth R. Beyerlein

Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods generally shorten the measuring time by acquiring less data than needed according to the sampling theorem. In order to obtain a proper image from such undersampled data, the reconstruction…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-12-05 Housen Li , Markus Haltmeier , Shuo Zhang , Jens Frahm , Axel Munk

Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a crucial non-invasive method used to capture the movement of internal organs and tissues, making it a key tool for medical diagnosis. However, dynamic MRI faces a major challenge: long…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Tamir Shor , Chaim Baskin , Alex Bronstein

Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) experiments are intrinsically limited by shot noise, a lack of prior knowledge about the sample's support, and missing measurements due to the experimental geometry. We propose a flexible, iterative…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Liang Shi , Gordon Wetzstein , Thomas J. Lane

Coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy is a method of imaging non-periodic isolated objects at resolutions only limited, in principle, by the largest scattering angles recorded. We demonstrate X-ray diffraction imaging with high resolution…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a crucial diagnostic tool, but high-resolution scans are often slow and expensive due to extensive data acquisition requirements. Traditional MRI reconstruction methods aim to expedite this process by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Emmanuelle Bourigault , Abdullah Hamdi , Amir Jamaludin

X-ray microscopy has been an indispensable tool to image nanoscale properties for materials research. One of its recent advances is to extend microscopic studies to the time domain for visualizing the dynamics of nanoscale phenomena.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Haidan Wen , Mathew J. Cherukara , Martin V. Holt

Stitching images acquired under perspective projective geometry is a relevant topic in computer vision with multiple applications ranging from smartphone panoramas to the construction of digital maps. Image stitching is an equally prominent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-09 Javad Fotouhi , Xingtong Liu , Mehran Armand , Nassir Navab , Mathias Unberath

The penetration power of x-rays allows one to image large objects. For example, centimeter-sized specimens can be imaged with micron-level resolution using synchrotron sources. In this case, however, the limited beam diameter and detector…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-23 Ming Du , Rafael Vescovi , Kamel Fezzaa , Chris Jacobsen , Doga Gursoy

4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a reliable, non-invasive approach for estimating blood flow velocities, vital for cardiovascular diagnostics. Unlike conventional MRI focused on anatomical structures, 4D flow MRI requires high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sun Jo , Seok Young Hong , JinHyun Kim , Seungmin Kang , Ahjin Choi , Don-Gwan An , Simon Song , Je Hyeong Hong

We introduce X-Ray, a novel 3D sequential representation inspired by the penetrability of x-ray scans. X-Ray transforms a 3D object into a series of surface frames at different layers, making it suitable for generating 3D models from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Tao Hu , Wenhang Ge , Yuyang Zhao , Gim Hee Lee

We integrate a small and portable medical x-ray device with mechanical testing equipment to enable in-situ, non-invasive measurements of a granular material's response to mechanical loading. We employ an orthopedic C-arm as the x-ray source…

Due to the merit of establishing volumetric data, X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is increasingly used as a non-destructive evaluation technique in the quality control of advanced manufactured parts with complex non-line-of-sight features.…

Four-dimensional MRI (4D-MRI) is an promising technique for capturing respiratory-induced motion in radiation therapy planning and delivery. Conventional 4D reconstruction methods, which typically rely on phase binning or separate template…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Xinyang Wu , Muheng Li , Xia Li , Orso Pusterla , Sairos Safai , Philippe C. Cattin , Antony J. Lomax , Ye Zhang

We propose a novel x-ray imaging system, Multi-Image X-ray Interferometer Module (MIXIM), with which a very high angular resolution can be achieved even with a small system size. MIXIM is composed of equally-spaced multiple slits and an…

Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) provides new opportunities for high resolution X-ray imaging with simultaneous amplitude and phase contrast. Extensions to CDI broaden the scope of the technique for use in a wide variety of experimental…

Optics · Physics 2016-01-20 Matthew H. Seaberg , Alexandre d'Aspremont , Joshua J. Turner

X-ray imaging is indispensable in medical diagnostics, yet its use is tightly regulated due to potential health risks. To mitigate radiation exposure, recent research focuses on generating novel views from sparse inputs and reconstructing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Feiran Wang , Jiachen Tao , Junyi Wu , Haoxuan Wang , Bin Duan , Kai Wang , Zongxin Yang , Yan Yan

In this work, we investigate the use of spatio-temporalImplicit Neural Representations (INRs) for dynamic X-ray computed tomography (XCT) reconstruction under interlaced acquisition schemes. The proposed approach combines ADMM-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Mathias Boulanger , Ericmoore Jossou

Fluid flow through intricate confining geometries often exhibits complex behaviors, certainly in porous materials, e.g. in groundwater flows or the operation of filtration devices and porous catalysts. However, it has remained extremely…