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The popularity of deep learning has led to the curation of a vast number of massive and multifarious datasets. Despite having close-to-human performance on individual tasks, training parameter-hungry models on large datasets poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Noveen Sachdeva , Julian McAuley

Transferring the reasoning capability from stronger large language models (LLMs) to smaller ones has been quite appealing, as smaller LLMs are more flexible to deploy with less expense. Among the existing solutions, knowledge distillation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yijun Tian , Yikun Han , Xiusi Chen , Wei Wang , Nitesh V. Chawla

One of the most reliable ways to create deployable models for specialized tasks is to obtain an adequate amount of high-quality task-specific data. However, for specialized tasks, often such datasets do not exist. Existing methods address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jiaxin Ge , Xueying Jia , Vijay Viswanathan , Hongyin Luo , Graham Neubig

Distilling robust reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs) into smaller, computationally efficient student models remains an unresolved challenge. Despite recent advances, distilled models frequently suffer from superficial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Song Wang , Jundong Li , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu

We introduce a method for efficient multi-label text classification with large language models (LLMs), built on reformulating classification tasks as sequences of dichotomic (yes/no) decisions. Instead of generating all labels in a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mikołaj Langner , Jan Eliasz , Ewa Rudnicka , Jan Kocoń

The LLMSR@XLLM25 formulates a low-resource structural reasoning task that challenges LLMs to generate interpretable, step-by-step rationales with minimal labeled data. We present Less is More, the third-place winning approach in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiahao Yuan , Xingzhe Sun , Xing Yu , Jingwen Wang , Dehui Du , Zhiqing Cui , Zixiang Di

Deep learning techniques have achieved great success in many fields, while at the same time deep learning models are getting more complex and expensive to compute. It severely hinders the wide applications of these models. In order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Yongqi Li , Wenjie Li

LLMs face significant challenges in systematic generalization, particularly when dealing with reasoning tasks requiring compositional rules and handling out-of-distribution examples. To address these challenges, we introduce an in-context…

Knowledge distillation is often used to transfer knowledge from a strong teacher model to a relatively weak student model. Traditional methods include response-based methods and feature-based methods. Response-based methods are widely used…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Hao Sun , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Anlei Dong , Jingwen Lu , Yan Zhang , Linjun Yang , Rangan Majumder , Nan Duan

Large language models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks, and distilling their reasoning capabilities into smaller models has shown promise. However, we uncover an interesting phenomenon, which we term the Small Model Learnability Gap:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuetai Li , Xiang Yue , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Replay-based continual learning (CL) methods assume that models trained on a small subset can also effectively minimize the empirical risk of the complete dataset. These methods maintain a memory buffer that stores a sampled subset of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Wenyang Liao , Quanziang Wang , Yichen Wu , Renzhen Wang , Deyu Meng

Knowledge distillation with unlabeled examples is a powerful training paradigm for generating compact and lightweight student models in applications where the amount of labeled data is limited but one has access to a large pool of unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Vasilis Kontonis , Fotis Iliopoulos , Khoa Trinh , Cenk Baykal , Gaurav Menghani , Erik Vee

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often rely on in-context learning (ICL) to perform new visual question answering (VQA) tasks with minimal supervision. However, ICL performance, especially in smaller LMMs, does not always improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Akash Gupta , Amos Storkey , Mirella Lapata

Large Language Models (LLMs) unlearning is crucial for removing hazardous or privacy-leaking information from the model. Practical LLM unlearning demands satisfying multiple challenging objectives simultaneously: removing undesirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yisheng Zhong , Sijia Liu , Zhuangdi Zhu

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) faces considerable challenges concerning resource constraints and inference efficiency. Recent research has increasingly focused on smaller, task-specific models enhanced by distilling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wei Wang , Zhaowei Li , Qi Xu , Yiqing Cai , Hang Song , Qi Qi , Ran Zhou , Zhida Huang , Tao Wang , Li Xiao

As deep learning models grow in complexity and the volume of training data increases, reducing storage and computational costs becomes increasingly important. Dataset distillation addresses this challenge by synthesizing a compact set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhe Li , Sarah Cechnicka , Cheng Ouyang , Katharina Breininger , Peter Schüffler , Bernhard Kainz

Small Language Models (SLMs) are becoming increasingly popular in specialized fields, such as industrial applications, due to their efficiency, lower computational requirements, and ability to be fine-tuned for domain-specific tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Shuxin Lin , Dhaval Patel , Christodoulos Constantinides

Accurate traffic flow prediction is vital for optimizing urban mobility, yet it remains difficult in many cities due to complex spatio-temporal dependencies and limited high-quality data. While deep graph-based models demonstrate strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Chenyang Yu , Xinpeng Xie , Yan Huang , Chenxi Qiu

Histopathology can help clinicians make accurate diagnoses, determine disease prognosis, and plan appropriate treatment strategies. As deep learning techniques prove successful in the medical domain, the primary challenges become limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Zhe Li , Bernhard Kainz

Recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs) have opened the door to in-depth investigation of their potential in tabular data modeling. However, effectively utilizing advanced LLMs in few-shot and even zero-shot scenarios is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Peng Wang , Dongsheng Wang , He Zhao , Hangting Ye , Dandan Guo , Yi Chang
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