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This paper is aimed at developing a method that reduces the computational cost of convolutional neural networks (CNN) during inference. Conventionally, the input data pass through a fixed neural network architecture. However, easy examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Edanur Demir , Emre Akbas

Scaling machine learning models significantly improves their performance. However, such gains come at the cost of inference being slow and resource-intensive. Early-exit neural networks (EENNs) offer a promising solution: they accelerate…

Well-trained deep neural networks (DNNs) treat all test samples equally during prediction. Adaptive DNN inference with early exiting leverages the observation that some test examples can be easier to predict than others. This paper presents…

Early-exit neural networks (EENNs) enable adaptive and efficient inference by providing predictions at multiple stages during the forward pass. In safety-critical applications, these predictions are meaningful only when accompanied by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Metod Jazbec , Patrick Forré , Stephan Mandt , Dan Zhang , Eric Nalisnick

Early Exit (EE) techniques have emerged as a means to reduce inference latency in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). The latency improvement and accuracy in these techniques crucially depend on the criteria used to make exit decisions. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have grown increasingly large in size to achieve state of the art performance across a wide range of tasks. However, their high computational requirements make them less suitable for resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Early-exiting neural networks enable adaptive inference by allowing inputs to exit at intermediate classifiers, reducing computation for easy samples while maintaining high accuracy. In practice, exits can be trained sequentially by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Alaa Zniber , Ouassim Karrakchou , Mounir Ghogho

Early Exit Neural Networks (EENNs) present a solution to enhance the efficiency of neural network deployments. However, creating EENNs is challenging and requires specialized domain knowledge, due to the large amount of additional design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Max Sponner , Lorenzo Servadei , Bernd Waschneck , Robert Wille , Akash Kumar

Early-exit mechanisms allow deep neural networks to stop inference once prediction confidence is high, reducing latency and energy on easy inputs while retaining full-depth accuracy on harder ones. Similarly, adding early exit mechanisms to…

Inference latency and trustworthiness of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are the bottlenecks in deploying them in critical applications like sensitive tasks. Early Exit (EE) DNNs overcome the latency issues by allowing samples to exit from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Deep neural networks have significantly improved performance on a range of tasks with the increasing demand for computational resources, leaving deployment on low-resource devices (with limited memory and battery power) infeasible. Binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Aaqib Saeed

DNNs are becoming less and less over-parametrised due to recent advances in efficient model design, through careful hand-crafted or NAS-based methods. Relying on the fact that not all inputs require the same amount of computation to yield a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Stefanos Laskaridis , Alexandros Kouris , Nicholas D. Lane

As a simple technique to accelerate inference of large-scale pre-trained models, early exiting has gained much attention in the NLP community. It allows samples to exit early at internal classifiers without passing through the entire model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Tianxiang Sun , Yunhua Zhou , Xiangyang Liu , Xinyu Zhang , Hao Jiang , Zhao Cao , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully applied in various fields. In DNNs, a large number of multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations are required to be performed, posing critical challenges in applying them in resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jingcun Wang , Bing Li , Grace Li Zhang

By leveraging the data sample diversity, the early-exit network recently emerges as a prominent neural network architecture to accelerate the deep learning inference process. However, intermediate classifiers of the early exits introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Rongkang Dong , Yuyi Mao , Jun Zhang

Early exiting is an effective paradigm for improving the inference efficiency of deep networks. By constructing classifiers with varying resource demands (the exits), such networks allow easy samples to be output at early exits, removing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Yizeng Han , Yifan Pu , Zihang Lai , Chaofei Wang , Shiji Song , Junfen Cao , Wenhui Huang , Chao Deng , Gao Huang

Early-exit neural networks enable adaptive inference by allowing predictions at intermediate layers, reducing computational cost. However, early exits often lack interpretability and may focus on different features than deeper layers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yanhua Zhao

Early Exit Neural Networks (EENNs) endow astandard Deep Neural Network (DNN) with Early Exit Classifiers (EECs), to provide predictions at intermediate points of the processing when enough confidence in classification is achieved. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Matteo Gambella , Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Manuel Roveri

Deployment of dynamic neural networks on edge accelerators requires careful consideration of hardware constraints beyond conventional complexity metrics such as Multiply-Accumulate operations. In Early-Exiting Neural Networks (EENN), exit…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Alaa Zniber , Arne Symons , Ouassim Karrakchou , Marian Verhelst , Mounir Ghogho

Today, artificial neural networks are the state of the art for solving a variety of complex tasks, especially in image classification. Such architectures consist of a sequence of stacked layers with the aim of extracting useful information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Simone Sarti , Eugenio Lomurno , Matteo Matteucci
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