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Recent successes in learning-based image classification, however, heavily rely on the large number of annotated training samples, which may require considerable human efforts. In this paper, we propose a novel active learning framework,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Keze Wang , Dongyu Zhang , Ya Li , Ruimao Zhang , Liang Lin

The focus of this study is on Unsupervised Continual Learning (UCL), as it presents an alternative to Supervised Continual Learning which needs high-quality manual labeled data. The experiments under the UCL paradigm indicate a phenomenon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Chen Cheng , Jingkuan Song , Xiaosu Zhu , Junchen Zhu , Lianli Gao , Hengtao Shen

We propose a novel semi-supervised learning (SSL) method that adopts selective training with pseudo labels. In our method, we generate hard pseudo-labels and also estimate their confidence, which represents how likely each pseudo-label is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Masato Ishii

Class-incremental learning (CIL) is a particularly challenging variant of continual learning, where the goal is to learn to discriminate between all classes presented in an incremental fashion. Existing approaches often suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Michał Zając , Tinne Tuytelaars , Gido M. van de Ven

This study focuses on incremental learning for image classification, exploring how to reduce catastrophic forgetting of all learned knowledge when access to old data is restricted. The challenge lies in balancing plasticity (learning new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhiping Zhou , Xuchen Xie , Yiqiao Qiu , Run Lin , Weishi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Class incremental learning (CIL) aims to enable models to continuously learn new classes without catastrophically forgetting old ones. A promising direction is to learn and use prototypes of classes during incremental updates. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Huitong Chen , Yu Wang , Yan Fan , Guosong Jiang , Qinghua Hu

The superiority of deeply learned pedestrian representations has been reported in very recent literature of person re-identification (re-ID). In this paper, we consider the more pragmatic issue of learning a deep feature with no or only a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Hehe Fan , Liang Zheng , Yi Yang

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

While significant advances exist in pseudo-label generation for semi-supervised semantic segmentation, pseudo-label selection remains understudied. Existing methods typically use fixed confidence thresholds to retain high-confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Pan Liu , Jinshi Liu

Complementary-label learning (CLL) is a weakly supervised paradigm where instances are labeled with classes they do not belong to. Despite a decade of research, CLL methods remain competitive mainly on 10-class classification, with scaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tan-Ha Mai , Chao-Kai Chiang , Han-Hwa Shih , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Hsuan-Tien Lin

In the field of Class Incremental Object Detection (CIOD), creating models that can continuously learn like humans is a major challenge. Pseudo-labeling methods, although initially powerful, struggle with multi-scenario incremental learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Junsu Kim , Yunhoe Ku , Jihyeon Kim , Junuk Cha , Seungryul Baek

Training deep neural networks is challenging when large and annotated datasets are unavailable. Extensive manual annotation of data samples is time-consuming, expensive, and error-prone, notably when it needs to be done by experts. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Barbara C Benato , Alexandru C Telea , Alexandre X Falcão

Despite the great success of pre-trained language models, it is still a challenge to use these models for continual learning, especially for the class-incremental learning (CIL) setting due to catastrophic forgetting (CF). This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Yijia Shao , Yiduo Guo , Dongyan Zhao , Bing Liu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have yielded impressive performance on various tasks, yet they often depend on high-quality feedback that can be costly. Self-refinement methods attempt to leverage LLMs' internal evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hikaru Asano , Tadashi Kozuno , Yukino Baba

Semi-supervised learning has been well developed to help reduce the cost of manual labelling by exploiting a large quantity of unlabelled data. Especially in the application of land cover classification, pixel-level manual labelling in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Wanli Ma , Oktay Karakus , Paul L. Rosin

Learning representations for individual instances when only bag-level labels are available is a fundamental challenge in multiple instance learning (MIL). Recent works have shown promising results using contrastive self-supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Kangning Liu , Weicheng Zhu , Yiqiu Shen , Sheng Liu , Narges Razavian , Krzysztof J. Geras , Carlos Fernandez-Granda

Recent research shows that in-context learning (ICL) can be effective even when demonstrations have missing or incorrect labels. To shed light on this capability, we examine a canonical setting where the demonstrations are drawn according…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yingcong Li , Xiangyu Chang , Muti Kara , Xiaofeng Liu , Amit Roy-Chowdhury , Samet Oymak

Class-incremental learning (CIL) enables models to learn new classes continually without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Multi-label CIL (MLCIL) extends CIL to a real-world scenario where each sample may belong to multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xiang Zhang , Run He , Jiao Chen , Di Fang , Ming Li , Ziqian Zeng , Cen Chen , Huiping Zhuang

Semi-supervised learning leverages unlabeled data to enhance model performance, addressing the limitations of fully supervised approaches. Among its strategies, pseudo-supervision has proven highly effective, typically relying on one or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Negin Ghamsarian , Sahar Nasirihaghighi , Klaus Schoeffmann , Raphael Sznitman

Class Incremental Learning (CIL) is challenging due to catastrophic forgetting. On top of that, Exemplar-free Class Incremental Learning is even more challenging due to forbidden access to previous task data. Recent exemplar-free CIL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zichong Meng , Jie Zhang , Changdi Yang , Zheng Zhan , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang