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The position-fluid antenna (PFA) architecture has become one of the appealing technologies to support ubiquitous connectivity demand in next-generation wireless systems. Specifically, allowing the antenna to adjust its physical position to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Heyin Shen , Chong Han , Hao Liu , Tao Yang

Fluid antenna systems (FASs) have introduced a new paradigm for wireless system design by revealing how mutual correlation can be exploited to harvest inherent spatial diversity. While existing studies have mainly focused on one-sided FAS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhentian Zhang , Yuanhui Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Jiang , An Li

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted cell-free (CF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks can significantly enhance system performance. However, the extensive deployment of RIS elements imposes considerable channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-30 Hongqin Ke , Jindan Xu , Wei Xu , Chau Yuen , Zhaohua Lu

As 6G wireless communication systems evolve toward intelligence, high reconfigurability, and space-air-ground integration \cite{liu2025toward, liu2024near}, the limitations of traditional fixed antenna (TFA) have become increasingly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Yining Li , Ziwei Wan , Chongjia Sun , Kaijun Feng , Keke Ying , Wenyan Ma , Lipeng Zhu , Xiaodan Shao , Weidong Mei , Wenqian Shen , Zhenyu Xiao , Zhen Gao , Rui Zhang

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems require efficient beamforming architectures to jointly support communication and sensing functionalities. To reduce hardware overhead, Hybrid Beamforming (HBF) has been widely studied and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Jiangong Chen , Xia Lei , Yuchen Zhang , Kaitao Meng , Christos Masouros

This letter presents an innovative scheme to enhance the communication rate and energy efficiency (EE) of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs) by deploying the emerging fluid antenna system (FAS)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Nagla Abuzgaia , Abdelhamid Salem , Ahmed Elbarsha

The pinching-antenna systems (PASS) enable blockage mitigation in urban micro (UMi) networks through flexible antenna placement. However, the joint optimization of antenna positions and beamforming precoding is inherently nonconvex and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Qiushi Zhao , Zihan Feng , Ximing Xie , Hao Qin , Yuanwei Liu , Xingqi Zhang

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have shown the potential to improve signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) related coverage, especially at high-frequency communications. However, assessing electromagnetic field exposure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-22 Lin Chen , Ahmed Elzanaty , Mustafa A Kishk , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

The fluid antenna system (FAS) is a disruptive tech-nology for future wireless communication networks. This paper considers the joint optimization of beamforming matrices and antenna positions for weighted sum rate (WSR) maximization in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Tianyi Liao , Wei Guo , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Most existing antenna array-based source localization methods rely on fixed-position arrays (FPAs) and strict assumptions about source field conditions (near-field or far-field), which limits their effectiveness in complex, dynamic…

This letter proposes a secure beamforming design for downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems utilizing fluid antenna systems (FAS). We consider a setup where a base station (BS) with $M$ fluid antennas (FAs) communicates to a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-14 Lifeng Mai , Junteng Yao , Jie Tang , Tuo Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hyundong Shin , Fumiyuki Adachi

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have been recently advanced to tremendously improve the performance of wireless networks. However, the use of very large antenna arrays brings new issues, such as the significantly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-07 Yong Zeng , Rui Zhang , Zhi Ning Chen

Fluid antenna system (FAS) as a new version of reconfigurable antenna technologies promoting shape and position flexibility, has emerged as an exciting and possibly transformative technology for wireless communications systems. FAS…

Smart multiantenna wireless power transmission can enable perpetual operation of energy harvesting (EH) nodes in the internet-of-things. Moreover, to overcome the increased hardware cost and space constraints associated with having large…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Deepak Mishra , Håkan Johansson

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient wireless communication system based on fluid antenna relay (FAR) to solve the problem of non-line-of-sight (NLoS) links caused by blockages with considering the physical properties. Driven by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Ruopeng Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei , Kaibin Huang , Dusit Niyato

The stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM), comprising multiple layers of reconfigurable transmissive metasurfaces, is becoming an increasingly viable solution for future wireless communication systems. In this paper, we explore the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Enyu Shi , Jiayi Zhang , Jiancheng An , Marco Di Renzo , Bo Ai , Chau Yuen

This letter considers a fluid antenna system (FAS)-aided secure and covert communication system, where the transmitter adjusts multiple fluid antennas' positions to achieve secure and covert transmission under the threat of an eavesdropper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Junteng Yao , Liangxiao Xin , Tuo Wu , Ming Jin , Kai-Kit Wong , Chau Yuen , Hyundong Shin

With the emergence of fluid antenna (FA) in wireless communications, the capability to dynamically adjust port positions offers substantial benefits in spatial diversity and spectrum efficiency, which are particularly valuable for mobile…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Ying Ju , Mingdong Li , Haoyu Wang , Lei Liu , Youyang Qu , Mianxiong Dong , Victor C. M. Leung , Chau Yuen

Device-Free Localization (DFL) employs passive radio techniques capable to detect and locate people without imposing them to wear any electronic device. By exploiting the Integrated Sensing and Communication paradigm, DFL networks employ…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Vittorio Rampa , Federica Fieramosca , Stefano Savazzi , Michele D'Amico

Powered by position-flexible antennas, the emerging fluid antenna system (FAS) technology is postulated as a key enabler for massive connectivity in 6G networks. The free movement of antenna elements enables the opportunistic minimization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-24 Pablo Ramirez-Espinosa , David Morales-Jimenez , Kai-Kit Wong