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Density-functional theory is a formally exact description of a many-body quantum system in terms of its density; in practice, however, approximations to the universal density functional are required. In this work, a model based on deep…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-08-02 Jeffrey M. McMahon

This work explores the use of joint density-functional theory, a new form of density-functional theory for the ab initio description of electronic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium with a liquid environment, to describe electrochemical…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-05 Kendra Letchworth-Weaver , T. A. Arias

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is one of the most widely used methods for "ab initio" calculations of the structure of atoms, molecules, crystals, surfaces, and their interactions. Unfortunately, the customary introduction to DFT is often…

Physics Education · Physics 2010-12-07 Nathan Argaman , Guy Makov

In a common paradigm, the electronic structure of condensed matter is divided into weakly and strongly correlated compounds. While conventional band theory usually works well for the former class, many-body effects are essential for the…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-03-17 Frank Lechermann , Harald O. Jeschke , Aaram J. Kim , Steffen Backes , Roser Valenti

The success of density functional theory for the description of the adsorption of atoms on surfaces is well established, and based on recent calculations using gradient corrections, it has been shown that it also describes well the…

mtrl-th · Physics 2008-02-03 Catherine Stampfl

X-ray spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tools to access structure and properties of matter in different states of aggregation as it allows to trace atomic and molecular energy levels in course of various physical and chemical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Sergey I. Bokarev , Oliver Kühn

We introduce machine learning (ML) models that predict the electronic structure of materials across a wide temperature range. Our models employ neural networks and are trained on density functional theory (DFT) data. Unlike most other ML…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-02 Lenz Fiedler , Normand A. Modine , Kyle D. Miller , Attila Cangi

We describe how density-functional theory, well-known for its many uses in ab initio calculations of electronic structure, can be used to study the ground state of inhomogeneous model Hamiltonians. The basic ideas and concepts are discussed…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Valter L. Libero , Klaus Capelle

An important yet challenging aspect of atomistic materials modeling is reconciling experimental and computational results. Conventional approaches involve generating numerous configurations through molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-23 Tigany Zarrouk , Rina Ibragimova , Albert P. Bartók , Miguel A. Caro

Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT) is a very efficient method for calculating various properties of solids as, for instance, the total energy, the electron density, or the electronic band structure. The KS-DFT method leads to…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-09-20 Fabien Tran , Jan Doumont , Leila Kalantari , Ahmad W. Huran , Miguel A. L. Marques , Peter Blaha

The density functional theory (DFT) is the most versatile electronic structure method used in quantum chemical calculations, and is increasingly applied in astrochemical research. This mini-review provides an overview of the applications of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-24 Qingli Liao , Junzhi Wang , Peng Xie , Enwei Liang , Zhao Wang

In principle, machine learning (ML) can be used to obtain any electronic property of a many-body system from its electron density within density functional theory. However, some physical quantities are highly sensitive to small variations…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-19 L. Arnstein , J. Wetherell , R. Lawrence , P. J. Hasnip , M. J. P. Hodgson

Density Functional Theory relies on universal functionals characteristic of a given system. Those functionals in general are different for the electron gas and for jellium (electron gas with uniform background). However, jellium is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-23 James W. Dufty

We present an approach based on density-functional theory for the calculation of fundamental gaps of both finite and periodic two-dimensional (2D) electronic systems. The computational cost of our approach is comparable to that of total…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Alberto Guandalini , Alice Ruini , Esa Räsänen , Carlo Andrea Rozzi , Stefano Pittalis

Reduced density matrix functional theory for the case of solids is presented and a new exchange correlation functional based on a fractional power of the density matrix is introduced. We show that compared to other functionals, this…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Sharma , J. K. Dewhurst , N. N. Lathiotakis , E. K. U. Gross

Electrons in zero external magnetic field can be studied with density functional theory (DFT) or with spin-DFT (SDFT). The latter is normally used for open shell systems because its approximations appear to model better the exchange and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Timothy Callow , Benjamin Pearce , Nikitas Gidopoulos

First-principles simulations of electronic properties of hybrid inorganic/organic interfaces are challenging, as common density-functional theory (DFT) approximations target specific material classes like bulk semiconductors or gas-phase…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-13 Jannis Krumland , Caterina Cocchi

Magnetic 2D materials have achieved significantly consideration owing to their encouraging applications. A variation of these 2D materials by occurrence of defects, by the transition-metal doping or adsorption or by the surface…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-27 Zarah Khan , Saleem Ayaz Khan , Ayesha Zaheer , Syed Rizwan

Reporting extensions of a recently developed approach to density functional theory with correct long-range be-havior (Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 043002 (2005)). The central quantities are a splitting functional gamma[n] and a complementary…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-13 Ester Livshits , Roi Baer

Density-functional theory simplifies many-electron calculations by approximating the exchange and correlation interactions with a one-electron operator that is a functional of the density. Hybrid functionals incorporate some amount of exact…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-02-03 John Vinson