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In-context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful capability alongside the development of scaled-up large language models (LLMs). By instructing LLMs using few-shot demonstrative examples, ICL enables them to perform a wide range of tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Quanyu Long , Yin Wu , Wenya Wang , Sinno Jialin Pan

This study introduces an innovative framework that employs large language models (LLMs) to automate the design and generation of curricula for reinforcement learning (RL). As mobile networks evolve towards the 6G era, managing their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Omar Erak , Omar Alhussein , Shimaa Naser , Nouf Alabbasi , De Mi , Sami Muhaidat

In typical multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems, communication is important for agents to share information and make the right decisions. However, due to the complexity of training multi-agent communication, existing methods…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xuyan Ma , Yawen Wang , Junjie Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Boyu Wu , Shoubin Li , Fanjiang Xu , Qing Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a widely used Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. However, current studies and applications need to address its scalability, non-stationarity, and trustworthiness. This paper aims to review…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ziyuan Zhou , Guanjun Liu , Ying Tang

Safe Multi-agent reinforcement learning (safe MARL) has increasingly gained attention in recent years, emphasizing the need for agents to not only optimize the global return but also adhere to safety requirements through behavioral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuefeng Wang , Henglin Pu , Hyung Jun Kim , Husheng Li

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods find optimal policies for agents that operate in the presence of other learning agents. Central to achieving this is how the agents coordinate. One way to coordinate is by learning to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Shubham Gupta , Rishi Hazra , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Grounding the instruction in the environment is a key step in solving language-guided goal-reaching reinforcement learning problems. In automated reinforcement learning, a key concern is to enhance the model's ability to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Armin Saghafian , Amirmohammad Izadi , Negin Hashemi Dijujin , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) is a well-known optimization-based meta-learning algorithm that works well in various computer vision tasks, e.g., few-shot classification. MAML is to learn an initialization so that a model can adapt to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Sanghyuk Lee , Seunghyun Lee , Byung Cheol Song

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to coordinate multiple agents to achieve a common goal. A key challenge in MARL is credit assignment, which involves assessing each agent's contribution to the shared reward. Given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xutong Zhao , Yaqi Xie

Building scalable and reusable multi-agent decision policies from offline datasets remains a challenge in offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as existing methods often rely on fixed observation formats and action spaces that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhuohui Zhang , Bin Cheng , Bin He

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated high performance on tasks expressed in natural language, particularly in zero- or few-shot settings. These are typically framed as supervised (e.g., classification) or unsupervised (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Yarik Menchaca Resendiz , Roman Klinger

Large language model agents rely on effective model context to obtain task-relevant information for decision-making. Many existing context engineering approaches primarily rely on the context generated from the past experience and retrieval…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Linbo Liu , Guande Wu , Han Ding , Yawei Wang , Qiang Zhou , Yuzhe Lu , Zhichao Xu , Huan Song , Panpan Xu , Lin Lee Cheong

When facing the problem of autonomously learning multiple tasks with reinforcement learning systems, researchers typically focus on solutions where just one parametrised policy per task is sufficient to solve them. However, in complex…

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) can enhance autonomous driving (AD) performance in complex scenarios. However, current LLM-Dominated RL methods over-rely on LLM outputs, which are prone to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zhiwen Chen , Bo Leng , Zhuoren Li , Hanming Deng , Guizhe Jin , Ran Yu , Huanxi Wen

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) considers settings in which a set of coexisting agents interact with one another and their environment. The adaptation and learning of other agents induces non-stationarity in the environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Ian Davies , Zheng Tian , Jun Wang

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods have shown promise in enabling agents to learn a shared communication protocol from scratch and accomplish challenging team tasks. However, the learned language is usually not interpretable…

Advancements in deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) have positioned it as a promising approach for decision-making in cooperative games. However, it still remains challenging for MARL agents to learn cooperative strategies for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yuan Zhuang , Yi Shen , Zhili Zhang , Yuxiao Chen , Fei Miao

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in addressing complex cooperative tasks. However, existing MARL approaches often rely on frequent exchanges of action or state information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu , Ke Pan

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approaches have emerged as popular solutions to address the general challenges of cooperation in multi-agent environments, where the success of achieving shared or individual goals critically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Reza Azadeh

On-ramp merging is a challenging task for autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially in mixed traffic where AVs coexist with human-driven vehicles (HDVs). In this paper, we formulate the mixed-traffic highway on-ramp merging problem as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-08 Dong Chen , Mohammad Hajidavalloo , Zhaojian Li , Kaian Chen , Yongqiang Wang , Longsheng Jiang , Yue Wang
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