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There are two types of methods for non-autoregressive text-to-speech models to learn the one-to-many relationship between text and speech effectively. The first one is to use an advanced generative framework such as normalizing flow (NF).…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Yoonhyung Lee , Jinhyeok Yang , Kyomin Jung

Generative models are capable to address difficult problems with non-unique solutions like bandwidth extension and gap filling, removing highly non-linear artifacts from codecs, clipping and distortion, as opposed to removing linear…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Sebastian Braun

We present simulation-free score and flow matching ([SF]$^2$M), a simulation-free objective for inferring stochastic dynamics given unpaired samples drawn from arbitrary source and target distributions. Our method generalizes both the…

Flow matching models typically use linear interpolants to define the forward/noise addition process. This, together with the independent coupling between noise and target distributions, yields a vector field which is often non-straight.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Shiv Shankar , Tomas Geffner

Speech enhancement is a critical component of many user-oriented audio applications, yet current systems still suffer from distorted and unnatural outputs. While generative models have shown strong potential in speech synthesis, they are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Zhong-Qiu Wang , Shinji Watanabe , Alexander Richard , Cheng Yu , Yu Tsao

Supervised masking approaches in the time-frequency domain aim to employ deep neural networks to estimate a multiplicative mask to extract clean speech. This leads to a single estimate for each input without any guarantees or measures of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Huajian Fang , Dennis Becker , Stefan Wermter , Timo Gerkmann

Human talkers often address listeners with language-comprehension challenges, such as hard-of-hearing or non-native adults, by globally slowing down their speech. However, it remains unclear whether this strategy actually makes speech more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Paige Tuttösí , Angelica Lim , H. Henny Yeung , Yue Wang , Jean-Julien Aucouturier

The wide spread usage of automated data-driven decision support systems has raised a lot of concerns regarding accountability and fairness of the employed models in the absence of human supervision. Existing fairness-aware approaches tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Vasileios Iosifidis , Thi Ngoc Han Tran , Eirini Ntoutsi

Recently, a series of papers proposed deep learning-based approaches to sample from target distributions using controlled diffusion processes, being trained only on the unnormalized target densities without access to samples. Building on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lorenz Richter , Julius Berner

While generative methods have progressed rapidly in recent years, generating expressive prosody for an utterance remains a challenging task in text-to-speech synthesis. This is particularly true for systems that model prosody explicitly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-02 Paul Mayer , Florian Lux , Alejandro Pérez-González-de-Martos , Angelina Elizarova , Lindsey Vanderlyn , Dirk Väth , Ngoc Thang Vu

Optimization methodologies for training large-scale neural architectures often rely on uniform gradient propagation mechanisms that fail to align with hierarchical linguistic structures, limiting their capacity to generalize across diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Daphne Quillington , Kingsley Fairbrother , Xavier Tattershall , Irin Kabakum

Flow matching (FM) is a general framework for defining probability paths via Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) to transform between noise and data samples. Recent approaches attempt to straighten these flow trajectories to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ling Yang , Zixiang Zhang , Zhilong Zhang , Xingchao Liu , Minkai Xu , Wentao Zhang , Chenlin Meng , Stefano Ermon , Bin Cui

In automatic speech translation (ST), traditional cascade approaches involving separate transcription and translation steps are giving ground to increasingly competitive and more robust direct solutions. In particular, by translating speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Marco Gaido , Beatrice Savoldi , Luisa Bentivogli , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

For a fixed flow-based generative model under a small inference budget, sample quality can depend strongly on where the sampler spends its few function evaluations. Flow matching and Schr\"odinger bridges define probability paths, yet their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Bruno Trentini , Dejan Stancevic , Michael M. Bronstein , Alexander Tong , Luca Ambrogioni

Rectified Flow offers a simple and effective approach to high-quality generative modeling by learning a velocity field. However, we identify a limitation in directly modeling the velocity with an unconstrained neural network: the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xixi Hu , Runlong Liao , Keyang Xu , Bo Liu , Yeqing Li , Eugene Ie , Hongliang Fei , Qiang Liu

Diffusion-based generative models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for perceptual quality in speech enhancement (SE). However, their iterative nature requires numerous Neural Function Evaluations (NFEs), posing a challenge for…

Flow matching has demonstrated strong generative capabilities and has become a core component in modern Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems. To ensure high-quality speech synthesis, Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is widely used during the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-05 Yuzhe Liang , Wenzhe Liu , Chunyu Qiang , Zhikang Niu , Yushen Chen , Ziyang Ma , Wenxi Chen , Nan Li , Chen Zhang , Xie Chen

Fluent and confident speech is desirable to every speaker. But professional speech delivering requires a great deal of experience and practice. In this paper, we propose a speech stream manipulation system which can help non-professional…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Sagnik Das , Nisha Gandhi , Tejas Naik , Roy Shilkrot

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in image and audio generation, largely due to Classifier-Free Guidance. However, the choice of guidance scale remains underexplored: a fixed scale often fails to generalize across prompts…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuanhao Zhang , Chang Li

Training-free guidance enables controlled generation in diffusion and flow models, but most methods rely on gradients and assume differentiable objectives. This work focuses on training-free guidance addressing challenges from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yingqing Guo , Yukang Yang , Hui Yuan , Mengdi Wang