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Power law tails induced by nonlinearities of General Relativity (``sourced'' or ``nonlinear'' tails) were recently shown to dominate the late time waveform of Schwarzschild black hole ringdowns. We extend the analytical results regarding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-24 Siyang Ling , Sam S. C. Wong

We investigate the nonlinear evolution of black hole ringdown in the framework of higher-order metric perturbation theory. By solving the initial-value problem of a simplified nonlinear field model analytically as well as numerically, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Satoshi Okuzumi , Kunihito Ioka , Masa-aki Sakagami

Schwarzschild black holes evolve toward their static configuration by emitting gravitational waves, which decay over time following a power law at fixed spatial positions. We derive this power law analytically for the second-order even…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-09 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

Nonlinear tails in black hole perturbations, arising from second-order effects, present a distinct departure from the well-known Price tail of linear theory. We present an analytical derivation of the power law indices and amplitudes for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-08 Siyang Ling , Sabeela Shah , Sam S. C. Wong

Black holes regain their static configuration by emitting ringdown gravitational waves, whose amplitude decays in time following a power law at fixed spatial positions. We show that the nonlinear decay power law may be obtained by simple…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-24 A. Ianniccari , L. Lo Bianco , A. Riotto

Within linearized perturbation theory, black holes decay to their final stationary state through the well-known spectrum of quasinormal modes. Here we numerically study whether nonlinearities change this picture. For that purpose we study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-12-09 Enrique Pazos , David Brizuela , Jose M. Martin-Garcia , Manuel Tiglio

Nonlinear effects play a fundamental role in the late-time ringdown of black holes, with direct implications for gravitational-wave observations. For massive fields, these dynamics become richer, yet their nonlinear signatures remain poorly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-14 Caiying Shao , Zhen-Tao He , Jiageng Jiao , Jingqi Lai , Jun-Xi Shi , Yu Tian , Dandan Yuan , Hongbao Zhang

Due to the nature of gravity, non-linear effects are left imprinted in the quasi-normal modes generated in the ringdown phase of the merger of two black holes. We offer an analytical treatment of the quasi-normal modes at second-order in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-09 Davide Perrone , Thomas Barreira , Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

We present a new method for the calculation of black hole perturbations induced by extended sources in which the solution of the nonlinear hydrodynamics equations is coupled to a perturbative method based on Regge-Wheeler/Zerilli and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Valeria Ferrari , Leonardo Gualtieri , Luciano Rezzolla

We report evidence for nonlinear modes in the ringdown stage of the gravitational waveform produced by the merger of two comparable-mass black holes. We consider both the coalescence of black hole binaries in quasicircular orbits and…

We present an alternative method for constructing the exact and approximate solutions of electromagnetic wave equations whose source terms are arbitrary order multipoles on a curved spacetime. The developed method is based on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Mankin , T. Laas , R. Tammelo

We uncover late-time gravitational-wave tails in fully nonlinear 3+1 dimensional numerical relativity simulations of merging black holes, using the highly accurate SpEC code. We achieve this result by exploiting the strong magnification of…

Gravitational-wave tails are due to the backscattering of linear waves onto the space-time curvature generated by the total mass of the matter source. The dominant tails correspond to quadratic non-linear interactions and arise at the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Tanguy Marchand , Luc Blanchet , Guillaume Faye

The nonlinear character of general relativity leaves its imprint in the coalescence of two black holes, from the inspiral to the final ringdown stage. To quantify the impact of nonlinearities, we work at second order in black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-11 Jaime Redondo-Yuste , Gregorio Carullo , Justin L. Ripley , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso

To fully exploit the capabilities of next-generation gravitational wave detectors, we need to significantly improve the accuracy of our models of gravitational-wave-emitting systems. This paper focuses on one way of doing so: by taking…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-07 Andrew Spiers , Adam Pound , Jordan Moxon

We present a numerical study of the time evolution of perturbations of rotating black holes. The solutions are obtained by integrating the Teukolsky equation written as a first-order in time, coupled system of equations, in a form that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 W. Krivan , P. Laguna , P. Papadopoulos , N. Andersson

This note discusses the late-time decay of perturbations outside extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. We consider individual spherical-harmonic modes $l$ of massless scalar field. The initial data are assumed to be of compact support,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-08 Amos Ori

Black holes gradually settle into their static configuration by emitting gravitational waves, whose amplitude diminish over time according to a power-law decay at fixed spatial locations. We show that the nonlinear tails in the presence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-18 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

We study nonlinear evolutions of binary black hole mergers, uncovering power-law contributions generated by the long-range behaviour of the highly-curved dynamical spacetime. The result is achieved by exploiting the strong increase of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-05 Gregorio Carullo , Marina De Amicis

We have developed a numerical method for evolving perturbations of rotating black holes. Solutions are obtained by integrating the Teukolsky equation written as a first-order in time, coupled system of equations, in a form that explicitly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 W. Krivan , P. Laguna , P. Papadopoulos
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