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While model-based deep reinforcement learning (RL) holds great promise for sample efficiency and generalization, learning an accurate dynamics model is often challenging and requires substantial interaction with the environment. A wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Yilun Du , Karthik Narasimhan

Attention-based architectures trained on internet-scale language data have demonstrated state of the art reasoning ability for various language-based tasks, such as logic problems and textual reasoning. Additionally, these Large Language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Mark Van der Merwe , Devesh Jha

A fundamental assumption of reinforcement learning in Markov decision processes (MDPs) is that the relevant decision process is, in fact, Markov. However, when MDPs have rich observations, agents typically learn by way of an abstract state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Cameron Allen , Neev Parikh , Omer Gottesman , George Konidaris

Robotic manipulation in unstructured environments requires reliable execution under diverse conditions, yet many state-of-the-art systems still struggle with high-dimensional action spaces, sparse rewards, and slow generalization beyond…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Leonidas Askianakis , Aleksandr Artemov

Reinforcement learning usually assumes a given or sometimes even fixed environment in which an agent seeks an optimal policy to maximize its long-term discounted reward. In contrast, we consider agents that are not limited to passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ziqing Lu , Babak Hassibi , Lifeng Lai , Weiyu Xu

Group recommendation systems play a pivotal role in supporting collective decisions across various contexts, from leisure activities to organizational team-building. Existing group recommendation approaches typically use either handcrafted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Boxun Song , Min Gao , Jiawei Cheng

Controlling a robot based on physics-consistent dynamic models, such as Deep Lagrangian Networks (DeLaN), can improve the generalizability and interpretability of the resulting behavior. However, in complex environments, the number of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Lucas Schulze , Jan Peters , Oleg Arenz

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observations with model forecasts to produce optimized atmospheric states, whose physical consistency is critical for stable weather forecasting and reliable climate research. Traditional Bayesian DA…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Hang Fan , Lei Bai , Ben Fei , Yi Xiao , Kun Chen , Yubao Liu , Yongquan Qu , Fenghua Ling , Pierre Gentine

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet aligning such abilities to small language models (SLMs) remains a challenge due to distributional mismatches and limited model capacity. Existing reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yong Wu , Weihang Pan , Ke Li , Chen Binhui , Ping Li , Binbin Lin

Graphical user interface (GUI)-based mobile agents automate digital tasks on mobile devices by interpreting natural-language instructions and interacting with the screen. While recent methods apply reinforcement learning (RL) to train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Li Gu , Zihuan Jiang , Zhixiang Chi , Huan Liu , Ziqiang Wang , Yuanhao Yu , Glen Berseth , Yang Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success across multiple domains, including competitive games, natural language processing, and robotics. Despite these advancements, policies trained via DRL often struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 James Chapman , Kedar Karhadkar , Guido Montufar

Reactive motion generation in dynamic and unstructured scenarios is typically subject to essentially static perception and system dynamics. Reliably modeling dynamic obstacles and optimizing collision-free trajectories under perceptive and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Xiyuan Zhao , Huijun Li , Lifeng Zhu , Zhikai Wei , Xianyi Zhu , Aiguo Song

Combining model-based and model-free deep reinforcement learning has shown great promise for improving sample efficiency on complex control tasks while still retaining high performance. Incorporating imagination is a recent effort in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Cornelius Weber , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to extract context from natural language problem descriptions naturally raises questions about their suitability in autonomous decision-making settings. This paper studies the behaviour of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiao Yang , Juxi Leitner , Michael Burke

As a robot senses and selects actions, the world keeps changing. This inference delay creates a gap of tens to hundreds of milliseconds between the observed state and the state at execution. In this work, we take the natural generalization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Aileen Liao , Dong-Ki Kim , Max Olan Smith , Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi , Shayegan Omidshafiei

Current control algorithms for aerial robots struggle with robustness in dynamic environments and adverse conditions. Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has shown strong potential in handling these challenges while remaining…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Eashan Vytla , Bhavanishankar Kalavakolanu , Andrew Perrault , Matthew McCrink

We propose a planning and perception mechanism for a robot (agent), that can only observe the underlying environment partially, in order to solve an image classification problem. A three-layer architecture is suggested that consists of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Hossein K. Mousavi , Guangyi Liu , Weihang Yuan , Martin Takáč , Héctor Muñoz-Avila , Nader Motee

Dynamic Algorithm Configuration (DAC) addresses the challenge of dynamically setting hyperparameters of an algorithm for a diverse set of instances rather than focusing solely on individual tasks. Agents trained with Deep Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Carolin Benjamins , Gjorgjina Cenikj , Ana Nikolikj , Aditya Mohan , Tome Eftimov , Marius Lindauer

In continual learning (CL), an AI agent (e.g., autonomous vehicles or robotics) learns from non-stationary data streams under dynamic environments. For the practical deployment of such applications, it is important to guarantee robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Minsu Kim , Walid Saad

Learning task-agnostic dynamics models in high-dimensional observation spaces can be challenging for model-based RL agents. We propose a novel way to learn latent world models by learning to predict sequences of future actions conditioned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Keiran Paster , Sheila A. McIlraith , Jimmy Ba
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