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Grokking -- the delayed transition from memorization to generalization in small algorithmic tasks -- remains poorly understood. We present a geometric analysis of optimization dynamics in transformers trained on modular arithmetic. PCA of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yongzhong Xu

An interface description and numerical simulations of model A kinetics are used for the first time to investigate the intra-surface kinetics of phase ordering on corrugated surfaces. Geometrical dynamical equations are derived for the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Oliver Schoenborn , Rashmi C. Desai

The Hamiltonian formalism of the generalized unimodular gravity theory, which was recently suggested as a model of dark energy, is shown to be a complicated example of constrained dynamical system. The set of its canonical constraints has a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-08-07 A. O. Barvinsky , N. Kolganov , A. Kurov , D. Nesterov

The evolution of occupied volume under progressive fragmentation of granular matter is studied using a purely geometric model. Rather than modelling disorder directly, properties are investigated by analysing highly ordered reference…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-25 Malkhazi A. Meladze

We consider the evolution of quantum fields on a classical background space-time, formulated in the language of differential geometry. Time evolution along the worldlines of observers is described by parallel transport operators in an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Dirk Graudenz

I show the assumed Bilayer structure of cell membranes is Topologically falsified by known aminophospholipid dynamics in metabolically-active, Far from Equilibrium cells. The sensitivity of lipid and cytoplasmic flows to temperature,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 J. T. Lofthouse

Generative modeling is typically framed as learning mapping rules, but from an observer's perspective without access to these rules, the task becomes disentangling the geometric support from the probability distribution. We propose that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-04 Rui Tong

Energy conservation has the status of a fundamental physical principle. However, measurements in quantum mechanics do not comply with energy conservation. Therefore, it is expected that a more fundamental theory of gravity -- one that is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-19 Y. Bonder , J. E. Herrera , A. M. Rubiol

Understanding the dynamic behavior of proteins is critical to elucidating their functional mechanisms, yet generating realistic, temporally coherent trajectories of protein ensembles remains a significant challenge. In this work, we…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Yaoyao Xu , Di Wang , Zihan Zhou , Tianshu Yu , Mingchen Chen

Granular intrusions, such as dynamic impact or wheel locomotion, are complex multiphase phenomena where the grains exhibit solid-like and fluid-like characteristics together with an ejected gas-like phase. Despite decades of modeling…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-25 Shashank Agarwal , Andras Karsai , Daniel I Goldman , Ken Kamrin

Natural phenomena frequently involve a very large number of interacting molecules moving in confined regions of space. Cellular transport by motor proteins is an example of such collective behavior. We derive a deterministic compartmental…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2017-11-01 Yoram Zarai , Michael Margaliot , Anatoly B. Kolomeisky

The existing field theories are based on the properties of closed exterior forms, which are invariant ones and correspond to conservation laws for physical fields. Hence, to understand the foundations of field theories and their unity, one…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. I. Petrova

Complexity in biology is often described using a multi-map architecture, where the genotype, representing the encoded information, is mapped to the functional level, known as the phenotype, which is then connected to a latent phenotype we…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-06 Juan F Poyatos

Brownian motion is a universal characteristic of colloidal particles embedded in a host medium, and it is the fingerprint of molecular transport or diffusion, a generic feature of relevance not only in Physics but also in several branches…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-06-01 Pavel Castro-Villarreal , César O. Solano-Cabrera , Ramón Castañeda-Priego

Morphological trends in growing colonies of living cells are at the core of physiological and evolutionary processes. Using active gel equations, which include cell division, we show that shape changes during the growth can be regulated by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-07-27 Amin Doostmohammadi , Sumesh P. Thampi , Julia M. Yeomans

The fundamental laws of physics are intrinsically geometric, dictating the evolution of systems through principles of symmetry and conservation. While modern machine learning offers powerful tools for modeling complex dynamics from data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Amine Mohamed Aboussalah , Abdessalam Ed-dib

Magnetic particles underpin a broad range of technologies, from water purification and mineral processing to bioseparations and targeted drug delivery. The dynamics of magnetic particles in high-gradient magnetic fields-encompassing both…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-14 Marko Tesanovic , Daniel M. Markiewitz , Marcus L. Popp , Martin Z. Bazant , Sonja Berensmeier

Protein sequences serve as a natural record of the evolutionary constraints that shape their functional structures. We show that it is possible to use only sequence information to go beyond predicting native structures and global stability…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-02 Ezequiel A. Galpern , Ernesto A. Roman , Diego U. Ferreiro

Collective cell motions underlie structure formation during embryonic development. Tissues exhibit emergent multicellular characteristics such as jamming, rigidity transitions, and glassy dynamics, but there remain questions about how those…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Evan Thomas , Sevan Hopyan

In this paper, we develop new methods for the analysis of decentralized control systems and we apply them to formation control problems. The basic set-up consists of a system with multiple agents corresponding to the nodes of a graph whose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-01-20 M. -A. Belabbas