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Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but also pose risks by learning and generating copyrighted material, leading to significant legal and ethical concerns. In real-world scenarios, model owners…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Guangyao Dou , Zheyuan Liu , Qing Lyu , Kaize Ding , Eric Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant potential for advancing fact-checking by leveraging their capabilities in reasoning, evidence retrieval, and explanation generation. However, existing benchmarks fail to comprehensively evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Shuo Yang , Yuqin Dai , Guoqing Wang , Xinran Zheng , Jinfeng Xu , Jinze Li , Zhenzhe Ying , Weiqiang Wang , Edith C. H. Ngai

This paper presents LLMBugScanner, a large language model (LLM) based framework for smart contract vulnerability detection using fine-tuning and ensemble learning. Smart contract auditing presents several challenges for LLMs: different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yining Yuan , Yifei Wang , Yichang Xu , Zachary Yahn , Sihao Hu , Ling Liu

Machine learning has revolutionized polymer science by enabling rapid property prediction and generative design. Large language models (LLMs) offer further opportunities in polymer informatics by simplifying workflows that traditionally…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sonakshi Gupta , Akhlak Mahmood , Shivank Shukla , Rampi Ramprasad

Large language models (LLMs) used across enterprises often use proprietary models and operate on sensitive inputs and data. The wide range of attack vectors identified in prior research - targeting various software and hardware components…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sarbartha Banerjee , Prateek Sahu , Mulong Luo , Anjo Vahldiek-Oberwagner , Neeraja J. Yadwadkar , Mohit Tiwari

Large Language Models (LLMS) have increasingly become central to generating content with potential societal impacts. Notably, these models have demonstrated capabilities for generating content that could be deemed harmful. To mitigate these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Zihao Xu , Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Stjepan Picek

Large language models (LLMs) for automatic code generation have achieved breakthroughs in several programming tasks. Their advances in competition-level programming problems have made them an essential pillar of AI-assisted pair…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hossein Hajipour , Keno Hassler , Thorsten Holz , Lea Schönherr , Mario Fritz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have performed exceptionally in various text-generative tasks, including question answering, translation, code completion, etc. However, the over-assistance of LLMs has raised the challenge of "jailbreaking",…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Sibo Yi , Yule Liu , Zhen Sun , Tianshuo Cong , Xinlei He , Jiaxing Song , Ke Xu , Qi Li

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on massive web-crawled corpora. This poses risks of leakage, including personal information, copyrighted texts, and benchmark datasets. Such leakage leads to undermining human trust in AI due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Masahiro Kaneko , Timothy Baldwin

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools capable of handling diverse tasks. Comparing and selecting appropriate LLMs for specific tasks requires systematic evaluation methods, as models exhibit varying capabilities across different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anna Sokol , Elizabeth Daly , Michael Hind , David Piorkowski , Xiangliang Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh Chawla

Automated Code Review (ACR) is crucial for software quality, yet existing benchmarks often fail to reflect real-world complexities, hindering the evaluation of modern Large Language Models (LLMs). Current benchmarks frequently focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhengran Zeng , Ruikai Shi , Keke Han , Yixin Li , Kaicheng Sun , Yidong Wang , Zhuohao Yu , Rui Xie , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

The widespread deployment of large language models (LLMs) has intensified concerns around intellectual property (IP) protection, as model theft and unauthorized redistribution become increasingly feasible. To address this, model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Zhenhua Xu , Xixiang Zhao , Xubin Yue , Shengwei Tian , Changting Lin , Meng Han

As software becomes increasingly complex and prone to vulnerabilities, automated vulnerability detection is critically important, yet challenging. Given the significant successes of large language models (LLMs) in various tasks, there is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Zeyu Gao , Hao Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Wenyu Zhu , Chao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application in high-stake domains, such as fraud and abuse detection, remains an area that requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Joymallya Chakraborty , Wei Xia , Anirban Majumder , Dan Ma , Walid Chaabene , Naveed Janvekar

The behavior of LLMs does not depend solely on the model itself. Components of the inference system, such as the inference engine, attention backend, and hardware platform, subtly influence how inputs are processed. These components differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Anna Wimbauer , Jonas Möller , Erik Imgrund , Konrad Rieck

Text-to-image models are commercially valuable assets often distributed under restrictive licenses, but such licenses are enforceable only when violations can be detected. Existing methods require pre-deployment watermarking or internal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junhoo Lee , Mijin Koo , Nojun Kwak

Recent studies on software tool manipulation with large language models (LLMs) mostly rely on closed model APIs. The industrial adoption of these models is substantially constrained due to the security and robustness risks in exposing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Qiantong Xu , Fenglu Hong , Bo Li , Changran Hu , Zhengyu Chen , Jian Zhang

Despite various approaches being employed to detect vulnerabilities, the number of reported vulnerabilities shows an upward trend over the years. This suggests the problems are not caught before the code is released, which could be caused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Karl Tamberg , Hayretdin Bahsi

Intellectual Property (IP) is a highly specialized domain that integrates technical and legal knowledge, making it inherently complex and knowledge-intensive. Recent advancements in LLMs have demonstrated their potential to handle…

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