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We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

This study focuses on the novel application of a normalizing flow as a method of domain adaptation. Normalizing flows offer a way to transform data points between two different distributions. The present study investigates a method of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-05-16 Rowan Kelleher , Anselm Vossen

We present a computational framework for efficient learning, sampling, and distribution of general Bayesian posterior distributions. The framework leverages a machine learning approach for the construction of normalizing flows for the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-10-10 Yukari Yamauchi , Landon Buskirk , Pablo Giuliani , Kyle Godbey

Despite their popularity, to date, the application of normalizing flows on categorical data stays limited. The current practice of using dequantization to map discrete data to a continuous space is inapplicable as categorical data has no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Phillip Lippe , Efstratios Gavves

Deep generative models have advanced rapidly across text and vision, motivating unified multimodal systems that can understand, reason over, and generate interleaved text-image sequences. Most existing approaches combine autoregressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ying Shen , Tianrong Chen , Yuan Gao , Yizhe Zhang , Yuyang Wang , Miguel Ángel Bautista , Shuangfei Zhai , Joshua M. Susskind , Jiatao Gu

Flow models are effective at progressively generating realistic images, but they generally struggle to capture long-range dependencies during the generation process as they compress all the information from previous time steps into a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Mude Hui , Rui-Jie Zhu , Songlin Yang , Yu Zhang , Zirui Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Jason Eshraghian , Cihang Xie

Flow matching models have emerged as a powerful framework for realistic image generation by learning to reverse a corruption process that progressively adds Gaussian noise. However, because noise is injected in the latent domain, its impact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Sucheng Ren , Qihang Yu , Ju He , Xiaohui Shen , Alan Yuille , Liang-Chieh Chen

Recently normalizing flows (NFs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on modeling 3D point clouds while allowing sampling with arbitrary resolution at inference time. However, these flow-based models still require long training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Janis Postels , Mengya Liu , Riccardo Spezialetti , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have demonstrated exceptional accuracy in mapping functional spaces by leveraging Fourier transforms to establish a connection with underlying physical principles. However, their opaque inner workings often…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-04 Marco Cayuela , Vincent Le Chenadec , Peter Schmid , Taraneh Sayadi

A normalizing flow models a complex probability density as an invertible transformation of a simple density. The invertibility means that we can evaluate densities and generate samples from a flow. In practice, autoregressive flow-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-06 Conor Durkan , Artur Bekasov , Iain Murray , George Papamakarios

Attaining prototypical features to represent class distributions is well established in representation learning. However, learning prototypes online from streaming data proves a challenging endeavor as they rapidly become outdated, caused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Matthias De Lange , Tinne Tuytelaars

The isolation of pure samples of quark and gluon jets is of key interest at hadron colliders. Recent work has employed topic modeling to disentangle the underlying distributions in mixed samples obtained from experiments. However, current…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-05 Matthew J. Dolan , Ayodele Ore

Conditional Normalizing Flows (CNFs) are flexible generative models capable of representing complicated distributions with high dimensionality and large interdimensional correlations, making them appealing for structured output learning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Mohsen Zand , Ali Etemad , Michael Greenspan

We introduce in this work the normalizing field flows (NFF) for learning random fields from scattered measurements. More precisely, we construct a bijective transformation (a normalizing flow characterizing by neural networks) between a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Ling Guo , Hao Wu , Tao Zhou

Mathematical reasoning requires abstracting symbolic rules from visual patterns -- inferring the infinite from the finite. We investigate whether multimodal AI systems possess this capability through FractalBench, a benchmark evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jan Ondras , Marek Šuppa

In an era of escalating climate change, urban flooding has emerged as a critical challenge for sustainable cities, threatening lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Traditional flood detection methods are constrained by their reliance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Shahid Shafi Dar , Bharat Kaurav , Arnav Jain , Chandravardhan Singh Raghaw , Mohammad Zia Ur Rehman , Nagendra Kumar

Diffusion and flow matching approaches to generative modeling have shown promise in domains where the state space is continuous, such as image generation or protein folding & design, and discrete, exemplified by diffusion large language…

Text style transfer aims to alter the style of a sentence while preserving its content. Due to the lack of parallel corpora, most recent work focuses on unsupervised methods and often uses cycle construction to train models. Since cycle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Kangchen Zhu , Zhiliang Tian , Ruifeng Luo , Xiaoguang Mao

Standard flow matching scales well but typically relies on an unstructured source distribution, limiting its ability to learn interpretable latent structure. Latent-variable models, by contrast, capture structure but often sacrifice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xavier Sumba , Carles Balsells-Rodas , Yingzhen Li

Foundational language models show a remarkable ability to learn new concepts during inference via context data. However, similar work for images lag behind. To address this challenge, we introduce FLoWN, a flow matching model that learns to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Daniel Saragih , Deyu Cao , Tejas Balaji , Ashwin Santhosh