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This work addresses the scarcity of annotated hyperspectral data required to train deep neural networks. Especially, we investigate generative adversarial networks and their application to the synthesis of consistent labeled spectra. By…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Nicolas Audebert , Bertrand Le Saux , Sébastien Lefèvre

Semantic communications mark a paradigm shift from bit-accurate transmission toward meaning-centric communication, essential as wireless systems approach theoretical capacity limits. The emergence of generative AI has catalyzed generative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Hai-Long Qin , Jincheng Dai , Guo Lu , Shuo Shao , Sixian Wang , Tongda Xu , Wenjun Zhang , Ping Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Generative models are a class of AI models capable of creating new instances of data by learning and sampling from their statistical distributions. In recent years, these models have gained prominence in machine learning due to the…

The success of AI models relies on the availability of large, diverse, and high-quality datasets, which can be challenging to obtain due to data scarcity, privacy concerns, and high costs. Synthetic data has emerged as a promising solution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Ruibo Liu , Jerry Wei , Fangyu Liu , Chenglei Si , Yanzhe Zhang , Jinmeng Rao , Steven Zheng , Daiyi Peng , Diyi Yang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai

Although many AI applications of interest require specialized multi-modal models, relevant data to train such models is inherently scarce or inaccessible. Filling these gaps with human annotators is prohibitively expensive, error-prone, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tim R. Davidson , Benoit Seguin , Enrico Bacis , Cesar Ilharco , Hamza Harkous

In the era of big data, access to abundant data is crucial for driving research forward. However, such data is often inaccessible due to privacy concerns or high costs, particularly in healthcare domain. Generating synthetic (tabular) data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yaobin Ling , Xiaoqian Jiang , Yejin Kim

Synthetic data generation has emerged as a promising approach to address the challenges of using sensitive financial data in machine learning applications. By leveraging generative models, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 James Meldrum , Basem Suleiman , Fethi Rabhi , Muhammad Johan Alibasa

Recent advances in generative modelling have led many to see synthetic data as the go-to solution for a range of problems around data access, scarcity, and under-representation. In this paper, we study three prominent use cases: (1) Sharing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bogdan Kulynych , Theresa Stadler , Jean Louis Raisaro , Carmela Troncoso

This paper demonstrates how to use generative models trained for image synthesis as tools for visual data mining. Our insight is that since contemporary generative models learn an accurate representation of their training data, we can use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Ioannis Siglidis , Aleksander Holynski , Alexei A. Efros , Mathieu Aubry , Shiry Ginosar

Alongside the growth of generative AI, we are witnessing a surge in the use of synthetic data across all stages of the AI development pipeline. It is now common practice for researchers and practitioners to use one large generative model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Shivani Kapania , Stephanie Ballard , Alex Kessler , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

The advancement of visual intelligence is intrinsically tethered to the availability of large-scale data. In parallel, generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has unlocked the potential to create synthetic images that closely resemble…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zuhao Yang , Fangneng Zhan , Kunhao Liu , Muyu Xu , Shijian Lu

The chapter discusses the foundational impact of modern generative AI models on information access (IA) systems. In contrast to traditional AI, the large-scale training and superior data modeling of generative AI models enable them to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Qingyao Ai , Jingtao Zhan , Yiqun Liu

Time series synthesis is an important research topic in the field of deep learning, which can be used for data augmentation. Time series data types can be broadly classified into regular or irregular. However, there are no existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jinsung Jeon , Jeonghak Kim , Haryong Song , Seunghyeon Cho , Noseong Park

While deep generative models are showing exciting abilities in computer vision and natural language processing, their adoption in communication frameworks is still far underestimated. These methods are demonstrated to evolve solutions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Eleonora Grassucci , Jihong Park , Sergio Barbarossa , Seong-Lyun Kim , Jinho Choi , Danilo Comminiello

Generative methods (Gen-AI) are reviewed with a particular goal of solving tasks in machine learning and Bayesian inference. Generative models require one to simulate a large training dataset and to use deep neural networks to solve a…

Computation · Statistics 2025-05-20 Maria Nareklishvili , Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov

Synthetic network traffic generation has emerged as a promising alternative for various data-driven applications in the networking domain. It enables the creation of synthetic data that preserves real-world characteristics while addressing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Nirhoshan Sivaroopan , Kaushitha Silva , Chamara Madarasingha , Thilini Dahanayaka , Guillaume Jourjon , Anura Jayasumana , Kanchana Thilakarathna

This review introduces the transformative potential of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), for health technology assessment (HTA). We explore their applications in four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rachael Fleurence , Jiang Bian , Xiaoyan Wang , Hua Xu , Dalia Dawoud , Mitch Higashi , Jagpreet Chhatwal

Recent advancements in generative models have unlocked the capabilities to render photo-realistic data in a controllable fashion. Trained on the real data, these generative models are capable of producing realistic samples with minimal to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Abhay Rawat , Shubham Dokania , Astitva Srivastava , Shuaib Ahmed , Haiwen Feng , Rahul Tallamraju

In recent years, deep learning based generative models, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), and Diffusion Models (DMs), have been instrumental in in generating diverse, high-quality content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shamim Yazdani , Akansha Singh , Nripsuta Saxena , Zichong Wang , Avash Palikhe , Deng Pan , Umapada Pal , Jie Yang , Wenbin Zhang

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) is inherently linked to the availability of vast, diverse, and high-quality data for training and evaluation. However, the growth rate of high-quality data is significantly outpaced by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ke Wang , Jiahui Zhu , Minjie Ren , Zeming Liu , Shiwei Li , Zongye Zhang , Chenkai Zhang , Xiaoyu Wu , Qiqi Zhan , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang