Related papers: From \'Etendue to the Lowest Fundamental SNR: Pixe…
The radiometric integral is the fundamental radiance--to--flux relation in imaging, whereas \'etendue is typically used as a compact system-level descriptor. For quantitative imaging and calibration, however, the operative mapping must be…
The ultimate sensitivity of optical detection is limited by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The first part of the paper shows that coherence plays an important role in the noise analysis. Although interference between an auxiliary wave and…
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a fundamental tool to measure the performance of an image sensor. However, confusions sometimes arise between the two types of SNRs. The first one is the output-referred SNR which measures the ratio…
Photon counting is a mode of processing astronomical observations of low-signal targets that have been observed using an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD). In photon counting, the EMCCD amplifies the signal, and a…
In atomic and molecular phase measurements using laser-induced fluorescence detection, optical cycling can enhance the effective photon detection efficiency and hence improve sensitivity. We show that detecting many photons per atom or…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is critical in nanotechnology, materials science, and biological imaging due to its high spatial resolution and depth of focus. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an essential parameter in SEM because it…
The classically defined minimum uncertainty of the optical phase is known as the standard quantum limit or shot-noise limit (SNL) originating in the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. Based on SNL, the phase sensitivity is…
This article presents a methodological transition from the conceptually formulated thermographic measurement equation (the so called thermography equation) to its quantitative form, expressed through the optogeometric factor. This factor…
The success of quantum noise sensing methods depends on the optimal interplay between properly designed control pulses and statistically informative measurement data on a specific quantum-probe observable. To enhance the information content…
Quality evaluation of image segmentation algorithms are still subject of debate and research. Currently, there is no generic metric that could be applied to any algorithm reliably. This article contains an evaluation for the PSRN (Peak…
The formalism for computing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for laser radar is reviewed and applied to the tasks of target detection, direction-finding, and phase change estimation with squeezed light. The SNR for heterodyne detection of…
In ultra-fast astronomical observations featuring fast transients on sub-$\mu$s time scales, the conventional Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) threshold, often fixed at $5\sigma$, becomes inadequate as observational window timescales shorten,…
In the field of audio generation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has long served as an objective metric for evaluating audio quality. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that SNR and its variants are not always highly correlated with human…
In this work a quantum imaging setup based on undetected squeezed photons is employed for metrological applications such as sensitive phase measurement and quantum imaging. In spite of the traditional quantum imaging with undetected…
This paper proposes novel spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio networks. By assuming known transmitter pulse shaping filter, synchronous and asynchronous receiver scenarios have been considered. For each of these scenarios, the…
Optical spectroscopy plays an essential role across scientific research and industry for non-contact materials analysis1-3, increasingly through in-situ or portable platforms4-6. However, when considering low-light-level applications,…
We study a quantum-enhanced differential measurement scheme that uses quantum probes and single-photon detectors to measure a minute defect in the absorption parameter of an analyte under investigation. For the purpose, we consider two…
Optomechanical sensors are capable of transducing external perturbations to resolvable optical signals. A particular regime of interest is that of high-bandwidth force detection, where an impulse is delivered to the system over a short…
Conventional LIDAR systems require hundreds or thousands of photon detections to form accurate depth and reflectivity images. Recent photon-efficient computational imaging methods are remarkably effective with only 1.0 to 3.0 detected…
We propose a method for quantum noise extraction from the interference of laser pulses with random phase. Our technique is based on the calculation of a parameter, which we called the quantum reduction factor, and which allows determining…