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Fundamental principle of classical physics -- local realism, means that freely chosen observations can be explained by a local (slower than light) real process. It is apparently violated in quantum mechanics as shown by Bell theorem.…
Inferring causal relations from experimental observations is of primal importance in science. Instrumental tests provide an essential tool for that aim, as they allow one to estimate causal dependencies even in the presence of unobserved…
Recently developed quantum algorithms suggest that quantum computers can solve certain problems and perform certain tasks more efficiently than conventional computers. Among other reasons, this is due to the possibility of creating…
Most working scientists hold fast to the concept of 'realism' - a viewpoint according to which an external reality exists independent of observation. But quantum physics has shattered some of our cornerstone beliefs. According to Bell's…
Quantum entanglement is an essential feature of many-body systems that impacts both quantum information processing and fundamental physics. The growth of entanglement is a major challenge for classical simulation methods. In this work, we…
Quantifying unknown quantum entanglement experimentally is a difficult task, but also becomes more and more necessary because of the fast development of quantum engineering. Machine learning provides practical solutions to this fundamental…
Quantum correlations in the form of entanglement, quantum steering or Bell nonlocality are resources for various information-processing tasks, but their detailed quantification and characterization remain complicated. One counter-intuitive…
The quantum mechanics formalism introduced new revolutionary concepts challenging our everyday perceptions. Arguably, quantum entanglement, which explains correlations that cannot be reproduced classically, is the most notable of them.…
Quantum nonlocality is presented often as the most remarkable and inexplicable phenomenon known to modern science which was confirmed in the experiments proving the violation of Bell Inequalities (BI). It has been known already for a long…
Bell nonlocality refers to correlations between two distant, entangled particles that challenge classical notions of local causality. Beyond its foundational significance, nonlocality is crucial for device-independent technologies like…
All our former experience with application of quantum theory seems to say: {\it what is predicted by quantum formalism must occur in laboratory}. But the essence of quantum formalism - entanglement, recognized by Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen…
Entanglement is a critical resource used in many current quantum information schemes. As such entanglement has been extensively studied in two qubit systems and its entanglement nature has been exhibited by violations of the Bell…
The ability to witness non-local correlations lies at the core of foundational aspects of quantum mechanics and its application in the processing of information. Commonly, this is achieved via the violation of Bell inequalities.…
Quantum theory allows for the superposition of causal orders between operations, i.e., for an indefinite causal order; an implication of the principle of quantum superposition. Since a higher theory might also admit this feature, an…
Entanglement is one of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics. It gives rise to peculiar correlations which cannot be reproduced by a large class of alternative theories, the so-called hidden-variable models, that use parameters…
The universality of quantum theory has been questioned ever since it was proposed. Key to this long-unsolved question is to test whether a given physical system has non-classical features. Here we connect recently proposed witnesses of…
Although the suspicion that quantum mechanics is emergent has been lingering for a long time, only now we begin to understand how a bridge between classical and quantum mechanics might be squared with Bell's inequalities and other…
Entanglement, according to Erwin Schroedinger the essence of quantum mechanics, is at the heart of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox and of the so called quantum-nonlocality - the fact that a local realistic explanation of quantum…
It is a recent realization that many of the concepts and tools of causal discovery in machine learning are highly relevant to problems in quantum information, in particular quantum nonlocality. The crucial ingredient in the connection…
Bell's theorem prompts us with a fundamental inquiry: what is the simplest scenario leading to the incompatibility between quantum correlations and the classical theory of causality? Here we demonstrate that quantum non-classicality is…