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Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity across diverse domains involving text generation, summarization, and various natural language processing tasks. Despite their inherent limitations, LLM-based designs have shown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Maria Rigaki , Ondřej Lukáš , Carlos A. Catania , Sebastian Garcia

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a potent tool for sequential decision-making and has achieved performance surpassing human capabilities across many challenging real-world tasks. As the extension of RL in the multi-agent system domain,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Ruiqi Zhang , Jing Hou , Florian Walter , Shangding Gu , Jiayi Guan , Florian Röhrbein , Yali Du , Panpan Cai , Guang Chen , Alois Knoll

We implemented and evaluated an automated cyber defense agent. The agent takes security alerts as input and uses reinforcement learning to learn a policy for executing predefined defensive measures. The defender policies were trained in an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jakob Nyberg , Pontus Johnson

Offline-to-online (O2O) reinforcement learning (RL) pre-trains models on offline data and refines policies through online fine-tuning. However, existing O2O RL algorithms typically require maintaining the tedious offline datasets to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Liyu Zhang , Haochi Wu , Xu Wan , Quan Kong , Ruilong Deng , Mingyang Sun

Deep reinforcement learning has proven remarkably useful in training agents from unstructured data. However, the opacity of the produced agents makes it difficult to ensure that they adhere to various requirements posed by human engineers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Raz Yerushalmi , Guy Amir , Achiya Elyasaf , David Harel , Guy Katz , Assaf Marron

Agent-based modeling and simulation tools provide a mature platform for development of complex simulations. They however, have not been applied much in the domain of mainstream modeling and simulation of computer networks. In this article,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Muaz A. Niazi , Amir Hussain

In reinforcement learning (RL) research, it is common to assume access to direct online interactions with the environment. However in many real-world applications, access to the environment is limited to a fixed offline dataset of logged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Yifan Wu , George Tucker , Ofir Nachum

Autonomous vehicles inevitably encounter a vast array of scenarios in real-world environments. Addressing long-tail scenarios, particularly those involving intensive interactions with numerous traffic participants, remains one of the most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Guanzhou Li , Jianping Wu , Yujing He

This work explores learning agent-agnostic synthetic environments (SEs) for Reinforcement Learning. SEs act as a proxy for target environments and allow agents to be trained more efficiently than when directly trained on the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Fabio Ferreira , Thomas Nierhoff , Frank Hutter

In safety-critical applications, autonomous agents may need to learn in an environment where mistakes can be very costly. In such settings, the agent needs to behave safely not only after but also while learning. To achieve this, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Matteo Turchetta , Andrey Kolobov , Shital Shah , Andreas Krause , Alekh Agarwal

Reinforcement learning (RL) has gained traction for its success in solving complex tasks for robotic applications. However, its deployment on physical robots remains challenging due to safety risks and the comparatively high costs of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Jefferson Silveira , Joshua A. Marshall , Sidney N. Givigi

This paper presents an architecture for simulating the actions of a norm-aware intelligent agent whose behavior with respect to norm compliance is set, and can later be changed, by a human controller. Updating an agent's behavior mode from…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Sean Glaze , Daniela Inclezan

Cyber Defence (CD) training requires interoperable cyber-range environments capable of supporting complex, multidomain exercises across distributed infrastructures. This paper presents three main contributions addressing this challenge.…

The capability of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent heavily depends on the diversity of the learning scenarios generated by the environment. Generation of diverse realistic scenarios is challenging for real-time strategy (RTS)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Abdus Salam Azad , Edward Kim , Qiancheng Wu , Kimin Lee , Ion Stoica , Pieter Abbeel , Sanjit A. Seshia

Recent research has demonstrated the potential of reinforcement learning in effective multi-robot collaboration, particularly in social dilemmas where robots face a trade-off between self-interest and collective benefits. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zexin Li , Ziliang Zhang , Hyoseung Kim , Cong Liu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have demonstrated remarkable progress in automating complex user interface interactions through reinforcement learning. However, current approaches face a fundamental dilemma: offline RL enables stable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Zhengxi Lu , Jiabo Ye , Fei Tang , Yongliang Shen , Haiyang Xu , Ziwei Zheng , Weiming Lu , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

Autonomous Driving requires high levels of coordination and collaboration between agents. Achieving effective coordination in multi-agent systems is a difficult task that remains largely unresolved. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning has…

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning for autonomous cyber defence have resulted in agents that can successfully defend simulated computer networks against cyber-attacks. However, many of these agents would need retraining to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Tim Dudman , Martyn Bull

In this work we create agents that can perform well beyond a single, individual task, that exhibit much wider generalisation of behaviour to a massive, rich space of challenges. We define a universe of tasks within an environment domain and…

In this paper we apply Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) and Domain Randomization to solve a navigation task in a natural environment relying solely on a 2D laser scanner. We train a model-based RL agent in simulation to follow lake and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Antoine Richard , Stephanie Aravecchia , Thomas Schillaci , Matthieu Geist , Cedric Pradalier