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Most neural models of causality assume static causal graphs, failing to capture the dynamic and sparse nature of physical interactions where causal relationships emerge and dissolve over time. We introduce the Causal Process Framework and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Turan Orujlu , Christian Gumbsch , Martin V. Butz , Charley M Wu

Classical machine learning techniques often struggle with overfitting and unreliable predictions when exposed to novel conditions. Introducing causality into the modelling process offers a promising way to mitigate these challenges by…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-28 David Zapata Gonzalez , Marcel Meyer , Oliver Mueller

Discovering causal relationships in complex multivariate time series is a fundamental scientific challenge. Traditional methods often falter, either by relying on restrictive linear assumptions or on conditional independence tests that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Gian Marco Paldino , Gianluca Bontempi

Learning the influence structure of multiple time series data is of great interest to many disciplines. This paper studies the problem of recovering the causal structure in network of multivariate linear Hawkes processes. In such processes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash , Kun Zhang , Kushagra Singhal

The classical temporal point process (TPP) constructs an intensity function by taking the occurrence times into account. Nevertheless, occurrence time may not be the only relevant factor, other contextual data, termed covariates, may also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Zizhuo Meng , Boyu Li , Xuhui Fan , Zhidong Li , Yang Wang , Fang Chen , Feng Zhou

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are a standard tool in causal modeling, but their suitability for capturing the complexity of large-scale multimodal data is questionable. In practice, real-world multimodal datasets are often collected from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Erdun Gao , Biwei Huang , Mingming Gong , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Causal discovery in time series is a rapidly evolving field with a wide variety of applications in other areas such as climate science and neuroscience. Traditional approaches assume a stationary causal graph, which can be adapted to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-26 Carles Balsells-Rodas , Yixin Wang , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Yingzhen Li

Recent research on temporal networks has highlighted the limitations of a static network perspective for our understanding of complex systems with dynamic topologies. In particular, recent works have shown that i) the specific order in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-20 Ingo Scholtes , Nicolas Wider , Antonios Garas

Temporal Point Processes (TPPs) serve as the standard mathematical framework for modeling asynchronous event sequences in continuous time. However, classical TPP models are often constrained by strong assumptions, limiting their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Tanguy Bosser , Souhaib Ben Taieb

This paper addresses a gap in the current state of the art by providing a solution for modeling causal relationships that evolve over time and occur at different time scales. Specifically, we introduce the multiscale non-stationary directed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Gabriele D'Acunto , Gianmarco De Francisci Morales , Paolo Bajardi , Francesco Bonchi

Attention guides our gaze to fixate the proper location of the scene and holds it in that location for the deserved amount of time given current processing demands, before shifting to the next one. As such, gaze deployment crucially is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Alessandro D'Amelio , Giuseppe Cartella , Vittorio Cuculo , Manuele Lucchi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara , Giuseppe Boccignone

This paper studies the problem of learning the correlation structure of a set of intervention functions defined on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of a causal model. This is useful when we are interested in jointly learning the causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Virginia Aglietti , Theodoros Damoulas , Mauricio Álvarez , Javier González

Discovering the underlying dynamics of complex systems from data is an important practical topic. Constrained optimization algorithms are widely utilized and lead to many successes. Yet, such purely data-driven methods may bring about…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Nan Chen , Yinling Zhang

Predicting causal structure from time series data is crucial for understanding complex phenomena in physiology, brain connectivity, climate dynamics, and socio-economic behaviour. Causal discovery in time series is hindered by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Pedro P. Sanchez , Damian Machlanski , Steven McDonagh , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Continuous-time dynamics models, such as neural ordinary differential equations, have enabled the modeling of underlying dynamics in time-series data and accurate forecasting. However, parameterization of dynamics using a neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Fan Wu , Sanghyun Hong , Donsub Rim , Noseong Park , Kookjin Lee

Multivariate time series anomaly detection has numerous real-world applications and is being extensively studied. Modeling pairwise correlations between variables is crucial. Existing methods employ learnable graph structures and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zehao Liu , Mengzhou Gao , Pengfei Jiao

Given a collection of entities (or nodes) in a network and our intermittent observations of activities from each entity, an important problem is to learn the hidden edges depicting directional relationships among these entities. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-01 Triet M Le

Causal discovery is a crucial initial step in establishing causality from empirical data and background knowledge. Numerous algorithms have been developed for this purpose. Among them, the score-matching method has demonstrated superior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Hao Chen , Kai Yi

Multivariate time series in domains such as finance, climate science, and healthcare often exhibit long-term trends, seasonal patterns, and short-term fluctuations, complicating causal inference under non-stationarity and autocorrelation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Muhammad Hasan Ferdous , Md Osman Gani

Given an extensive, semi-infinite collection of multivariate coevolving data sequences (e.g., sensor/web activity streams) whose observations influence each other, how can we discover the time-changing cause-and-effect relationships in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Naoki Chihara , Yasuko Matsubara , Ren Fujiwara , Yasushi Sakurai