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The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a method that uses a hybrid quantum-classical computational approach to find eigenvalues and eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. VQE has been proposed as an alternative to fully quantum algorithms such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Dmitry A. Fedorov , Bo Peng , Niranjan Govind , Yuri Alexeev

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage on classical optimization tools to find the optimal parameters for a parameterized quantum circuit. One relevant application of VQAs is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Mirko Legnini , Julian Berberich

This paper presents a Quantum Reinforcement Learning (QRL) solution to the dynamic portfolio optimization problem based on Variational Quantum Circuits. The implemented QRL approaches are quantum analogues of the classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Vincent Gurgul , Ying Chen , Stefan Lessmann

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for finding the minimum eigenvalue of a Hamiltonian that involves the optimization of a parameterized quantum circuit. Since the resulting optimization…

In this study, we study the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) application for the Ising model as a test bed model, in which we pivotally delved into several optimization methods, both classical and quantum, and analyzed the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Duc-Truyen Le , Vu-Linh Nguyen , Cong-Ha Nguyen , Quoc-Hung Nguyen , Van-Duy Nguyen

We solve a multi-period portfolio optimization problem using D-Wave Systems' quantum annealer. We derive a formulation of the problem, discuss several possible integer encoding schemes, and present numerical examples that show high success…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-09-29 Gili Rosenberg , Poya Haghnegahdar , Phil Goddard , Peter Carr , Kesheng Wu , Marcos López de Prado

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods for solving combinatorial optimization problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, benchmarking VQAs is difficult due to their stochastic behavior and the…

Hybrid quantum/classical variational algorithms can be implemented on noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers and can be used to find solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. Approaches discussed in the literature minimize the…

Financial portfolios are often optimized for maximum profit while subject to a constraint formulated in terms of the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). This amounts to solving a linear problem. However, in its original formulation this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-13 Georg Hofmann

A novel optimisation framework through quadratic nonlinear projection is introduced for credit portfolio when the portfolio risk is measured by Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). The whole optimisation procedure to search toward the optimal…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-07-20 Boguk Kim , Chulwoo Han , Frank Chongwoo Park

In this paper, we propose a novel and powerful method to harness Bayesian optimization for Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) -- a hybrid quantum-classical protocol used to approximate the ground state of a quantum Hamiltonian.…

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems are prevalent in real-world applications, such as portfolio optimization, but pose significant computational challenges for large-scale instances. We propose a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Soumyadip Das , Suman Kumar Roy , Rahul Rana , M Girish Chandra

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

The VQE algorithm has turned out to be quite expensive to run given the way we currently access quantum processors (i.e. over the cloud). In order to alleviate this issue, we introduce Quantum Sampling Regression (QSR), an alternative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-07 Pedro Rivero , Ian C. Cloët , Zack Sullivan

Financial portfolio optimization is a widely studied problem in mathematics, statistics, financial and computational literature. It adheres to determining an optimal combination of weights associated with financial assets held in a…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-01-21 Ankit Dangi

The design of a good algorithm to solve NP-hard combinatorial approximation problems requires specific domain knowledge about the problems and often needs a trial-and-error problem solving approach. Graph coloring is one of the essential…

Near-term quantum computers will be limited in the number of qubits on which they can process information as well as the depth of the circuits that they can coherently carry out. To-date, experimental demonstrations of algorithms such as…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Joel Bierman , Yingzhou Li , Jianfeng Lu

While quantum computers are a very promising tool for the far future, in their current state of the art they remain limited both in size and quality. This has given rise to hybrid quantum-classical algorithms, where the quantum device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Yury Chernyak , Ijaz Ahamed Mohammad , Martin Plesch

The optimization of Variational Quantum Eigensolver is severely challenged by finite-shot sampling noise, which distorts the cost landscape, creates false variational minima, and induces statistical bias called winner's curse. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Vojtěch Novák , Silvie Illésová , Tomáš Bezděk , Ivan Zelinka , Martin Beseda

Quantum variational algorithms (QVAs) are increasingly potent tools for simulating quantum many-body systems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. This work examines the application of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-01-28 Dhritimalya Roy , Somnath Nag