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Sampling from unnormalized densities presents a fundamental challenge with wide-ranging applications, from posterior inference to molecular dynamics simulations. Continuous flow-based neural samplers offer a promising approach, learning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Wuhao Chen , Zijing Ou , Yingzhen Li

Supervised machine learning techniques have shown promising results in code analysis and optimization problems. However, a learning-based solution can be brittle because minor changes in hardware or application workloads -- such as facing a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Huanting Wang , Patrick Lenihan , Zheng Wang

We propose a renormalisation group inspired normalising flow that combines benefits from traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and standard normalising flows to sample lattice field theories. Specifically, we use samples from a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-12-18 Marc Bauer , Renzo Kapust , Jan M. Pawlowski , Finn L. Temmen

Achieving robust uncertainty quantification for deep neural networks represents an important requirement in many real-world applications of deep learning such as medical imaging where it is necessary to assess the reliability of a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Tim Rensmeyer , Oliver Niggemann

We propose a new Monte Carlo method for efficiently sampling trajectories with fixed initial and final conditions in a system with discrete degrees of freedom. The method can be applied to any stochastic process with local interactions,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-03-30 Thierry Mora , Aleksandra M. Walczak , Francesco Zamponi

This paper proposes a novel approach to generate samples from target distributions that are difficult to sample from using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Traditional MCMC algorithms often face slow convergence due to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-11 Sandro Dias Pinto Vitenti , Eduardo J. Barroso

Sampling is often a necessary evil to reduce the processing and storage costs of distributed tracing. In this work, we describe a scalable and adaptive sampling approach that can preserve events of interest better than the widely used…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Otmar Ertl

Monte Carlo simulations are an essential tool in particle physics data analysis. Events are typically generated alongside weights that redistribute the cross section of the simulated process across the phase space. These weights can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-13 Benjamin Nachman , Dennis Noll

Incorporating a deep generative model as the prior distribution in inverse problems has established substantial success in reconstructing images from corrupted observations. Notwithstanding, the existing optimization approaches use gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Tianci Liu , Tong Yang , Quan Zhang , Qi Lei

Continual learning enables large language models to adapt to evolving tasks without retraining from scratch, yet catastrophic forgetting remains a central obstacle. Among continual learning methods, regularization-based approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mingxu Zhang , Yuhan Li , Lujundong Li , Dazhong Shen , Hui Xiong , Ying Sun

Slice Sampling has emerged as a powerful Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm that adapts to the characteristics of the target distribution with minimal hand-tuning. However, Slice Sampling's performance is highly sensitive to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-05 Minas Karamanis , Florian Beutler

Monte Carlo simulations are widely used to simulate complex molecular systems, but standard approaches suffer from metastability. Lately, the use of non-local proposal updates in a collective-variable (CV) space has been proposed in several…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-20 Christoph Schönle , Davide Carbone , Marylou Gabrié , Tony Lelièvre , Gabriel Stoltz

Understanding transition pathways between two meta-stable states of a molecular system is crucial to advance drug discovery and material design. However, unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are computationally infeasible because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Kiyoung Seong , Seonghyun Park , Seonghwan Kim , Woo Youn Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

As the vocabulary size of modern word-based language models becomes ever larger, many sampling-based training criteria are proposed and investigated. The essence of these sampling methods is that the softmax-related traversal over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Yingbo Gao , David Thulke , Alexander Gerstenberger , Khoa Viet Tran , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Bayesian inference remains one of the most important tool-kits for any scientist, but increasingly expensive likelihood functions are required for ever-more complex experiments, raising the cost of generating a Monte Carlo sample of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-31 Jesús Torrado , Nils Schöneberg , Jonas El Gammal

We introduce a Monte Carlo algorithm to efficiently compute transport properties of chaotic dynamical systems. Our method exploits the importance sampling technique that favors trajectories in the tail of the distribution of displacements,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-25 Diego Tapias , David P. Sanders , Eduardo G. Altmann

We present an iterative framework to improve the amortized approximations of posterior distributions in the context of Bayesian inverse problems, which is inspired by loop-unrolled gradient descent methods and is theoretically grounded in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Rafael Orozco , Ali Siahkoohi , Mathias Louboutin , Felix J. Herrmann

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) or diffusions are continuous-valued continuous-time stochastic processes widely used in the applied and mathematical sciences. Simulating paths from these processes is usually an intractable problem,…

Computation · Statistics 2020-05-27 Qi Wang , Vinayak Rao , Yee Whye Teh

Boson sampling is a promising candidate for quantum supremacy. It requires to sample from a complicated distribution, and is trusted to be intractable on classical computers. Among the various classical sampling methods, the Markov chain…

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers are powerful tools for Bayesian inference but suffer from high computational costs due to their reliance on large particle ensembles for accurate estimates. We introduce persistent sampling (PS), an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-24 Minas Karamanis , Uroš Seljak