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Do expert-defined or diagnostically-labeled data groups align with clusters inferred through statistical modeling? If not, where do discrepancies between predefined labels and model-based groupings occur and why? In this work, we introduce…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-18 Patricia Puchhammer , Ines Wilms , Peter Filzmoser

This article considers a robust hierarchical Bayesian approach to deal with random effects of small area means when some of these effects assume extreme values, resulting in outliers. In presence of outliers, the standard Fay-Herriot model,…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-10-26 Adrijo Chakraborty , Gauri Sankar Datta , Abhyuday Mandal

This paper focusses on robust estimation of location and concentration parameters of the von Mises-Fisher distribution in the Bayesian framework. The von Mises-Fisher (or Langevin) distribution has played a central role in directional…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-25 Tomoyuki Nakagawa , Yasuhito Tsuruta , Sho Kazari , Kouji Tahata

The presence of outliers is prevalent in machine learning applications and may produce misleading results. In this paper a new method for dealing with outliers and anomal samples is proposed. To overcome the outlier issue, the proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Parsa Bagherzadeh , Hadi Sadoghi Yazdi

We develop a mixture-based approach to robust density modeling and outlier detection for experimental multivariate data that includes measurement error information. Our model is designed to infer atypical measurements that are not due to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-07 Jianyong Sun , Ata Kaban , Somak Raychaudhury

This paper concerns the robust regression model when the number of predictors and the number of observations grow in a similar rate. Theory for M-estimators in this regime has been recently developed by several authors [El Karoui et al.,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-06 Daniel Nevo , Ya'acov Ritov

Learning-based outlier (mismatched correspondence) rejection for robust 3D registration generally formulates the outlier removal as an inlier/outlier classification problem. The core for this to be successful is to learn the discriminative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Haobo Jiang , Zheng Dang , Zhen Wei , Jin Xie , Jian Yang , Mathieu Salzmann

Multivariate location and scatter matrix estimation is a cornerstone in multivariate data analysis. We consider this problem when the data may contain independent cellwise and casewise outliers. Flat data sets with a large number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-24 Claudio Agostinelli , Andy Leung , Victor J. Yohai , Ruben H. Zamar

We consider state estimation for networked systems where measurements from sensor nodes are contaminated by outliers. A new hierarchical measurement model is formulated for outlier detection by integrating the outlier-free measurement model…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-08 Hongwei Wang , Hongbin Li , Wei Zhang , Junyi Zuo , Heping Wang , Jun Fang

Although linear regression models are fundamental tools in statistical science, the estimation results can be sensitive to outliers. While several robust methods have been proposed in frequentist frameworks, statistical inference is not…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-15 Shintaro Hashimoto , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Model averaging is an alternative to model selection for dealing with model uncertainty, which is widely used and very valuable. However, most of the existing model averaging methods are proposed based on the least squares loss function,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-29 Miaomiao Wang , Guohua Zou

Robustness to outliers is a central issue in real-world machine learning applications. While replacing a model to a heavy-tailed one (e.g., from Gaussian to Student-t) is a standard approach for robustification, it can only be applied to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-01 Futoshi Futami , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Spike-and-slab and horseshoe regression are arguably the most popular Bayesian variable selection approaches for linear regression models. However, their performance can deteriorate if outliers and heteroskedasticity are present in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-20 Alberto Cabezas , Marco Battiston , Christopher Nemeth

Anomalies in economic and financial data -- often linked to rare yet impactful events -- are of theoretical interest, but can also severely distort inference. Although outlier-robust methodologies can be used, many researchers prefer…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-01 Monica Billio , Roberto Casarin , Fausto Corradin , Antonio Peruzzi

Linear mixed models (LMMs) are a popular class of methods for analyzing longitudinal and clustered data. However, such models can be sensitive to outliers, and this can lead to biased inference on model parameters and inaccurate prediction…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-28 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Francis K. C. Hui , Alan H. Welsh

A weighted likelihood approach for robust fitting of a mixture of multivariate Gaussian components is developed in this work. Two approaches have been proposed that are driven by a suitable modification of the standard EM and CEM…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-19 Luca Greco , Claudio Agostinelli

We investigate the performance of robust estimates of multivariate location under nonstandard data contamination models such as componentwise outliers (i.e., contamination in each variable is independent from the other variables). This…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-04 Fatemah Alqallaf , Stefan Van Aelst , Victor J. Yohai , Ruben H. Zamar

Despite tremendous progress in outlier detection research in recent years, the majority of existing methods are designed only to detect unconditional outliers that correspond to unusual data patterns expressed in the joint space of all data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Charmgil Hong , Milos Hauskrecht

Outlier detection algorithms typically assign an outlier score to each observation in a dataset, indicating the degree to which an observation is an outlier. However, these scores are often not comparable across algorithms and can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Philipp Röchner , Henrique O. Marques , Ricardo J. G. B. Campello , Arthur Zimek , Franz Rothlauf

Robust Bayesian linear regression is a classical but essential statistical tool. Although novel robustness properties of posterior distributions have been proved recently under a certain class of error distributions, their sufficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-23 Yasuyuki Hamura , Kaoru Irie , Shonosuke Sugasawa