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LLM-enabled robots prioritizing scarce assistance in social settings face pluralistic values and LLM behavioral variability: reasonable people can disagree about who is helped first, while LLM-mediated interaction policies vary across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Carmen Ng

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in jointly modeling perception and action. At the core of this investigation is the idea of modeling affordances(Affordances are opportunities of interaction in the scene. In other words,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Xiaolong Wang , Rohit Girdhar , Abhinav Gupta

Affordances represent the inherent effect and action possibilities that objects offer to the agents within a given context. From a theoretical viewpoint, affordances bridge the gap between effect and action, providing a functional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Hakan Aktas , Yukie Nagai , Minoru Asada , Matteo Saveriano , Erhan Oztop , Emre Ugur

As robots and other intelligent agents move from simple environments and problems to more complex, unstructured settings, manually programming their behavior has become increasingly challenging and expensive. Often, it is easier for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Takayuki Osa , Joni Pajarinen , Gerhard Neumann , J. Andrew Bagnell , Pieter Abbeel , Jan Peters

Enabling robots to explore and act in unfamiliar environments under ambiguous human instructions by interactively identifying task-relevant objects (e.g., identifying cups or beverages for "I'm thirsty") remains challenging for existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Hengxuan Xu , Fengbo Lan , Zhixin Zhao , Shengjie Wang , Mengqiao Liu , Jieqian Sun , Yu Cheng , Tao Zhang

In this study, we address the problem of open-vocabulary mobile manipulation, where a robot is required to carry a wide range of objects to receptacles based on free-form natural language instructions. This task is challenging, as it…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ryosuke Korekata , Quanting Xie , Yonatan Bisk , Komei Sugiura

Aligning large language models (LLMs) depends on high-quality datasets of human preference labels, which are costly to collect. Although active learning has been studied to improve sample efficiency relative to passive collection, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yao Zhao , Kwang-Sung Jun

Instruction-based language modeling has received significant attention in pretrained language models. However, the efficiency of instruction engineering remains low and hinders the development of instruction studies. Recent studies have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Heng Yang , Ke Li

In open-vocabulary mobile manipulation (OVMM), task success often hinges on the selection of an appropriate base placement for the robot. Existing approaches typically navigate to proximity-based regions without considering affordances,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Tzu-Jung Lin , Jia-Fong Yeh , Hung-Ting Su , Chung-Yi Lin , Yi-Ting Chen , Winston H. Hsu

In this paper, we present an approach for robot learning of social affordance from human activity videos. We consider the problem in the context of human-robot interaction: Our approach learns structural representations of human-human (and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Tianmin Shu , M. S. Ryoo , Song-Chun Zhu

3D Object Affordance Grounding aims to predict the functional regions on a 3D object and has laid the foundation for a wide range of applications in robotics. Recent advances tackle this problem via learning a mapping between 3D regions and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xianqiang Gao , Pingrui Zhang , Delin Qu , Dong Wang , Zhigang Wang , Yan Ding , Bin Zhao

Tool use requires reasoning about the fit between an object's affordances and the demands of a task. Visual affordance learning can benefit from goal-directed interaction experience, but current techniques rely on human labels or expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Dylan Turpin , Liquan Wang , Stavros Tsogkas , Sven Dickinson , Animesh Garg

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse natural language processing tasks, aligning these models with varying human preferences across multiple objectives remains a significant challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Junming Yang , Xin Geng

Complex planning and scheduling problems have long been solved using various optimization or heuristic approaches. In recent years, imitation learning that aims to learn from expert demonstrations has been proposed as a viable alternative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Qian Shao , Pradeep Varakantham , Shih-Fen Cheng

Recent advances in task planning leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve generalizability by combining such models with classical planning algorithms to address their inherent limitations in reasoning capabilities. However, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Timo Birr , Christoph Pohl , Abdelrahman Younes , Tamim Asfour

Nowadays, robots are dominating the manufacturing, entertainment and healthcare industries. Robot vision aims to equip robots with the ability to discover information, understand it and interact with the environment. These capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Mohammed Hassanin , Salman Khan , Murat Tahtali

As modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more advanced and capable, they can leverage a wide range of tools and models to perform complex tasks. The task of orchestrating these models is increasingly performed by Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Daria Smirnova , Hamid Nasiri , Marta Adamska , Zhengxin Yu , Peter Garraghan

Intelligent agents working in real-world environments must be able to learn about the environment and its capabilities which enable them to take actions to change to the state of the world to complete a complex multi-step task in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rajesh Mangannavar

Affordances are the potential actions an agent can perform on an object, as observed by a camera. Visual affordance prediction is formulated differently for tasks such as grasping detection, affordance classification, affordance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tommaso Apicella , Alessio Xompero , Andrea Cavallaro

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan