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The Spoken Language Understanding Evaluation (SLUE) suite of benchmark tasks was recently introduced to address the need for open resources and benchmarking of complex spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks, including both classification…

To understand why self-supervised learning (SSL) models have empirically achieved strong performances on several speech-processing downstream tasks, numerous studies have focused on analyzing the encoded information of the SSL layer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-07 Jialu Li , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Nancy L. McElwain

Recently, Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have progressed rapidly, demonstrating their strong efficacy in universal audio understanding through cross-modal integration. To evaluate LALMs' audio understanding performance, researchers…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Han Yin , Jung-Woo Choi

Recent studies have augmented large language models (LLMs) with speech capabilities, leading to the development of speech language models (SpeechLMs). Earlier SpeechLMs focused on single-turn speech-based question answering (QA), where user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yifan Peng , Krishna C. Puvvada , Zhehuai Chen , Piotr Zelasko , He Huang , Kunal Dhawan , Ke Hu , Shinji Watanabe , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by their inability to process lengthy inputs, resulting in the loss of critical historical information. To address this limitation, in this paper, we propose the Self-Controlled Memory (SCM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bing Wang , Xinnian Liang , Jian Yang , Hui Huang , Shuangzhi Wu , Peihao Wu , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma , Zhoujun Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) achieves great success in monaural speech enhancement, while the accuracy of the target speech estimation, particularly for unseen speakers, remains inadequate with existing pre-tasks. As speech signal…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Yi Li , ShuangLin Li , Yang Sun , Syed Mohsen Naqvi

Neural audio codec tokens serve as the fundamental building blocks for speech language model (SLM)-based speech generation. However, there is no systematic understanding on how the codec system affects the speech generation performance of…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang

This work investigates spoken language understanding (SLU) systems in the scenario when the semantic information is extracted directly from the speech signal by means of a single end-to-end neural network model. Two SLU tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Natalia Tomashenko , Antoine Caubriere , Yannick Esteve , Antoine Laurent , Emmanuel Morin

Machine learning techniques have conquered many different tasks in speech and natural language processing, such as speech recognition, information extraction, text and speech generation, and human machine interaction using natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Sebastian Möller , Pia Knoeferle , Britta Schulte , Nils Feldhus

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven significant progress in zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. However, existing foundation models rely on multi-stage processing or complex architectures for predicting…

With recent rapid growth of large language models (LLMs), discrete speech tokenization has played an important role for injecting speech into LLMs. However, this discretization gives rise to a loss of information, consequently impairing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Zhichao Huang , Chutong Meng , Tom Ko

In our previous work, we introduced CosyVoice, a multilingual speech synthesis model based on supervised discrete speech tokens. By employing progressive semantic decoding with two popular generative models, language models (LMs) and Flow…

Recent end-to-end speech language models (SLMs) have expanded upon the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating pre-trained speech models. However, these SLMs often undergo extensive speech instruction-tuning to bridge…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Ke-Han Lu , Zhehuai Chen , Szu-Wei Fu , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Hung-yi Lee

Accurately detecting dysfluencies in spoken language can help to improve the performance of automatic speech and language processing components and support the development of more inclusive speech and language technologies. Inspired by the…

Dialogue serves as the most natural manner of human-computer interaction (HCI). Recent advancements in speech language models (SLM) have significantly enhanced speech-based conversational AI. However, these models are limited to turn-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Ziyang Ma , Yakun Song , Chenpeng Du , Jian Cong , Zhuo Chen , Yuping Wang , Yuxuan Wang , Xie Chen

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in streaming applications such as multi-round dialogue, where long interactions are expected, is urgently needed but poses two major challenges. Firstly, during the decoding stage, caching previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Guangxuan Xiao , Yuandong Tian , Beidi Chen , Song Han , Mike Lewis

In multi-talker scenarios such as meetings and conversations, speech processing systems are usually required to segment the audio and then transcribe each segmentation. These two stages are addressed separately by speaker change detection…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Zhiyun Fan , Zhenlin Liang , Linhao Dong , Yi Liu , Shiyu Zhou , Meng Cai , Jun Zhang , Zejun Ma , Bo Xu

Discrete representation has shown advantages in speech generation tasks, wherein discrete tokens are derived by discretizing hidden features from self-supervised learning (SSL) pre-trained models. However, the direct application of speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yuxun Tang , Yuning Wu , Jiatong Shi , Qin Jin

Large language models have revolutionized natural language processing by leveraging self-supervised pretraining on vast textual data. Inspired by this success, researchers have investigated various compression-based speech tokenization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Richard He Bai , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Ruixiang Zhang , Zijin Gu , Zakaria Aldeneh , Navdeep Jaitly
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