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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) allocate substantial inference-time compute to Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, improving performance on mathematics, scientific QA, and tool usage. However, this introduces overthinking: LRMs often reach a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sangjun Song , Minjae Oh , Seungkyu Lee , Sungmin Jo , Yohan Jo

Recently, inference-time reasoning strategies have further improved the accuracy of large language models (LLMs), but their effectiveness on smaller models remains unclear. Based on the observation that conventional approaches often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jin Young Kim , Ji Won Yoon

While Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly improves Large Language Models (LLMs) performance on complex reasoning tasks, the substantial computational and memory costs of generating long CoT sequences limit their efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liang Zhang , Yu Zhao , Longyue Wang , Tianqi Shi , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jinsong Su

Recent advancements in large reasoning models (LRMs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of scaling test-time computation to enhance reasoning capabilities on various tasks. However, LRMs often suffer from an ``overthinking'' problem, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yule Liu , Jingyi Zheng , Zhen Sun , Zifan Peng , Wenhan Dong , Zeyang Sha , Shiwen Cui , Weiqiang Wang , Xinlei He

The reasoning capabilities of large reasoning models (LRMs), such as OpenAI's o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have seen substantial advancements through deep thinking. However, these enhancements come with significant resource demands, underscoring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wenrui Cai , Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Jun Huang , Xiangzhong Fang

Diffusion-based large language models (DLLMs) have shown promise for non-autoregressive text generation, but their deployment is constrained by large model sizes and heavy computational costs. Post-training quantization (PTQ), a widely used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chen Xu , Dawei Yang

Long chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extensive reasoning traces lead to inefficiencies and increased time-to-first-token (TTFT). We propose a training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Roy Xie , David Qiu , Deepak Gopinath , Dong Lin , Yanchao Sun , Chong Wang , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

Multi-modal retrieval-augmented Question Answering (MRAQA), integrating text and images, has gained significant attention in information retrieval (IR) and natural language processing (NLP). Traditional ranking methods rely on small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Yang Bai , Christan Earl Grant , Daisy Zhe Wang

Reasoning large language models exhibit complex reasoning behaviors via extended chain-of-thought generation that are highly fragile to information loss during decoding, creating critical challenges for KV cache compression. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Wenjie Du , Li Jiang , Keda Tao , Xue Liu , Huan Wang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) excel at solving complex problems by explicitly generating a reasoning trace before deriving the final answer. However, these extended generations incur substantial memory footprint and computational overhead,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhenyuan Guo , Tong Chen , Wenlong Meng , Chen Gong , Xin Yu , Chengkun Wei , Wenzhi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

O1/R1 style large reasoning models (LRMs) signal a substantial leap forward over conventional instruction-following LLMs. By applying test-time scaling to generate extended reasoning paths, they establish many SOTAs across a wide range of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Wei Han , Geng Zhan , Sicheng Yu , Chenyu Wang , Bryan Hooi

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities that benefits from online reinforcement learning (RL). These capabilities have primarily been demonstrated within the left-to-right autoregressive (AR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Siyan Zhao , Devaansh Gupta , Qinqing Zheng , Aditya Grover

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been touted as AI models possessing advanced reasoning abilities. In theory, autoregressive LLMs with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) can perform more serial computations to solve complex reasoning tasks. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rishi Hazra , Gabriele Venturato , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Recent advancements in reasoning-focused language models such as OpenAI's O1 and DeepSeek-R1 have shown that scaling test-time computation-through chain-of-thought reasoning and iterative exploration-can yield substantial improvements on…

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are proficient at generating explicit, step-by-step reasoning sequences before producing final answers. However, such detailed reasoning can introduce substantial computational overhead and latency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Songjun Tu , Jiahao Lin , Qichao Zhang , Xiangyu Tian , Linjing Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongbin Zhao

3D Visual Question-Answering (3D VQA) is pivotal for models to perceive the physical world and perform spatial reasoning. Answer-centric supervision is a commonly used training method for 3D VQA models. Many models that utilize this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Shengli Zhou , Jianuo Zhu , Qilin Huang , Fangjing Wang , Yanfu Zhang , Feng Zheng

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are increasingly integrated into systems requiring reliable multi-step inference, yet this growing dependence exposes new vulnerabilities related to computational availability. In particular, LRMs exhibit a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Shuqiang Wang , Wei Cao , Jiaqi Weng , Jialing Tao , Licheng Pan , Hui Xue , Zhixuan Chu

Recently, o1-like models have drawn significant attention, where these models produce the long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning steps to improve the reasoning abilities of existing Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yancheng He , Shilong Li , Jiaheng Liu , Weixun Wang , Xingyuan Bu , Ge Zhang , Zhongyuan Peng , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhicheng Zheng , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

The test-time compute strategy, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT), has significantly enhanced the ability of large language models to solve complex tasks like logical reasoning. However, empirical studies indicate that simply increasing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zhenyu Li , Guanlin Wu , Cheems Wang , Yongqiang Zhao
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